地下結(jié)構(gòu)抗浮設(shè)計(jì)的思路和建議
鄭偉國(guó)
- 摘 要
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鄭偉國(guó)（深圳市建筑設(shè)計(jì)研究總院， 深圳 518031）［摘要］從建筑使用期內(nèi)環(huán)境變化的角度指出，難以確定合理、準(zhǔn)確的抗浮設(shè)計(jì)水位是現(xiàn)行抗浮設(shè)計(jì)不可靠的癥結(jié)。提出“常年水位不裂、設(shè)防水位不壞、極限水位不浮”的抗浮設(shè)計(jì)思路，提出把地下室入口的地面標(biāo)高作為極限水位對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行極限分析，并提出有效解決地下結(jié)構(gòu)的抗浮問題的方法。探討樁側(cè)阻力的形成機(jī)理，指出樁側(cè)表面粗糙度形成與樁周土的咬合摩擦是提高樁側(cè)阻力的關(guān)鍵。探討抗拔樁的試驗(yàn)環(huán)境與實(shí)際工作環(huán)境的差異對(duì)承載力的影響。通過一個(gè)巖石地基的實(shí)例，對(duì)巖石地基的抗浮設(shè)計(jì)提出建議。［關(guān)鍵詞］地下結(jié)構(gòu)；抗浮設(shè)計(jì)；樁側(cè)阻力；咬合摩擦；抗拔樁；巖石地基中圖分類號(hào)：TU318+.1 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A 文章編號(hào)：1002-848X(2013)05-0088-04Recommendations and ideas for anti-floating design of underground structuresZheng Weiguo（Shenzhen General Institute of Architectural Design and Research, Shenzhen 518031, China）Abstract: From the perspective of environmental change during the building lifetime, it is difficult to determine a reasonable and accurate anti-floating water level, and so the current anti-floating design is unreliable. The anti-floating design ideas which are according to the annual water level to control crack, security water level to determine the structure strength and the limit water level to avoid floating were recommended. The structure analysis based the basement entrance elevation as the ground water limit level were recommended, and a set of the methods which can effectively solve the anti-floating problem were proposed. The formation mechanism of the pile side resistance was explained. It was pointed out that the bite-friction formed by the roughness of pile surface is the key to improve pile side resistance. The impact of the differences between the test condition and the actual environment on the bearing capacity of tension pile was discussed. Through an engineering example, the anti-floating design method of the rock ground foundation was recommended.Keywords: underground structure; anti-floating design; pile side resistance; bite-friction; tension pile；rock ground foundation作者簡(jiǎn)介：鄭偉國(guó)，博士，高級(jí)工程師，一級(jí)注冊(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)工程師，Email:strzheng@21cn.com。參考文獻(xiàn)［1］張曠成，丘建金. 關(guān)于抗浮設(shè)防水位及浮力計(jì)算問題的討論［J］. 巖土工程技術(shù),2007, 21(1):15-20.［2］張忠苗，劉念武，房凱. 考慮端承力時(shí)泊松效應(yīng)對(duì)抗拔系數(shù)的影響［J］. 巖土工程學(xué)報(bào)，2011，33（S2）:494-497.［3］唐駿巍，趙春風(fēng)，趙程，等.樁端土對(duì)側(cè)摩阻力影響的試驗(yàn)研究［J］. 巖土工程學(xué)報(bào)，2011，33（S2）:454-459.［4］刁鈺，鄭剛，許潔，等. 不同條件下抗拔樁靜載試驗(yàn)分析［J］. 巖土工程學(xué)報(bào)，2011，33（S2）:464-470.［5］鄭偉國(guó).深圳智慧廣場(chǎng)及懿德軒結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)［J］.建筑結(jié)構(gòu)，2011, 41（S1）：458-460.
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