- 摘 要
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1)中國建筑科學(xué)研究院，北京，100013；2)北京市建筑設(shè)計(jì)研究院，100045；3)北京大學(xué)力學(xué)與工程科學(xué)系，100871
［提要］提出了采用“數(shù)值模擬引導(dǎo)下的風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)”這一新方法來研究復(fù)雜建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的風(fēng)荷載問題，并以內(nèi)蒙古博物館與烏蘭恰特大劇院工程為例，介紹了這種方法的實(shí)現(xiàn)過程及優(yōu)點(diǎn)。通過在先進(jìn)的數(shù)值模擬平臺(tái)上建立適當(dāng)?shù)臄?shù)值風(fēng)洞模型，對建筑物在若干個(gè)主導(dǎo)風(fēng)向角下的平均風(fēng)荷載分布進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬仿真計(jì)算；參照計(jì)算結(jié)果，對結(jié)構(gòu)的風(fēng)壓分布趨勢作出科學(xué)的判斷，找出最不利的風(fēng)壓分布區(qū)域，以對剛性模型測壓風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)的測點(diǎn)布置方案進(jìn)行優(yōu)化，使試驗(yàn)?zāi)懿蹲浇Y(jié)構(gòu)的最不利風(fēng)荷載；最后將風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與數(shù)值預(yù)測結(jié)果進(jìn)行相互比較和驗(yàn)證，在此基礎(chǔ)上給出靜力風(fēng)荷載的設(shè)計(jì)建議。工程應(yīng)用表明，這種新方法指導(dǎo)的結(jié)構(gòu)風(fēng)荷載風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)研究更具有針對性，測點(diǎn)位置和數(shù)目得到優(yōu)化而使試驗(yàn)方案更加合理，因此試驗(yàn)結(jié)果也更加可靠。
［關(guān)鍵詞］建筑結(jié)構(gòu)；風(fēng)荷載；數(shù)值模擬；風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)
Numerical Simulation Guided Wind Tunnel Test Study for Wind Loads of Complex Buildings/Jin Xinyang1, Yang Wei1, Jin Hai1, Ma Tao2, Chen Kai3 (1 China Academy of Building Research, Beijing 100013, China; 2 Beijing Institute of Architectural Design, Beijing 100045, China; 3 Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Beijing University, Beijing 100871, China)
Abstract:A new method, i.e. the numerical simulation guided wind tunnel test, is proposed for researching the wind load distributions on complex buildings, and it is illustrated by practical projects of Neimenggu Museum and Ulaan Tiyatr Grand Theatre. The mean pressure distributions in several main wind attacks were calculated through constructing appropriate CFD numerical models. By referring to the results of numerical predictions, the scheme of the subsequent wind tunnel test is optimized.The results between the wind tunnel test and the numerical predictions are compared and checked each other, and both of them were employed to determine the recommended wind loads for the designs of the main structures and the claddings. It is indicated that the combined numerical simulation guided wind tunnel test study would be more reasonable than the traditional wind tunnel test method.
Keywords:building structure; wind loads; numerical simulation; wind tunnel test
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