國家網(wǎng)球館“鉆石球場”開合屋蓋結構設計
彭翼，范重，欒海強，劉學林，楊蘇，王義華
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彭翼，范重，欒海強，劉學林，楊蘇，王義華（中國建筑設計研究院， 北京 100044）［摘要］國家網(wǎng)球館是一座帶有開合屋蓋的現(xiàn)代大型體育場館。在設計中提出開合屋蓋的性能指標與設計荷載取值方法。屋蓋開合狀態(tài)對風荷載敏感，需要通過風洞試驗確定風壓分布與脈動特性?；顒游萆w運行過程中臺車反力不斷變化，需要通過對其移動過程分析，找出最不利位置。研究了各種開合位置的結構動力特性，采用時程法與振型分解反應譜法分析活動屋蓋在多遇地震作用下的響應。此外，在活動屋蓋移動對固定屋蓋軌道桁架變形影響分析的基礎上，提出一種適用于圓形平面帶矩形洞口結構的起拱曲面方程。［關鍵詞］國家網(wǎng)球館；開合屋蓋；臺車反力；風洞試驗；軌道變形；地震響應中圖分類號：TU318 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1002-848X(2013)04-0010-09Retractable roof design on National Tennis Court “Diamond Stadium”Peng Yi, Fan Zhong, Luan Haiqiang, Liu Xuelin, Yang Su, Wang Yihua（China Architecture Design and Research Group, Beijing 100044, China）Abstract: National Tennis Court is a modern sports stadium with retractable roof. The structural performance and the loading evaluation method for retractable roof structure were proposed. Wind load is sensitive for the roof when the retractable roof is opened or closed, so wind tunnel tests were demanded to determine the distribution of wind pressure and its pulsation characteristics. The reaction force of trolley varies during its motion, and the most unfavorable position was identified through analyzing the moving process. The dynamic characteristics of the retractable roof were studied at its opening and closing position. The responses of retractable roof under frequent earthquake were analyzed using time-history method and seismic response spectrum method. Based on the effect of the retractable roof on the track deformation analysis of fixed roof, a kind of method of pre-camber for circular plane structure with a rectangular hole was proposed.Keywords: National Tennis Court; retractable roof; reaction force of trolley; wind tunnel test; track deformation; seismic response作者簡介：彭翼，碩士，高級工程師，Email：pengy@cadg.cn。參考文獻［1］KAWAGUCHI K. A new approach to retractable membrane structures ［C］//IUTAM-IASS Symposium on Deployable Structures: theory and applications. Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000: 193-199.［2］CHRISTOPHER PINTO, JOHN ABRUZZO, ROBERT DESCENZA. New pivot bearing for Miller Park′s moveable roof hit a home run with the park′ owners and the team′ fans［J］. Modern Steel Construction, 2004(5):1-6.［3］KASSABIAN P, YOU Z, PELLEGRINO S. Retractable roof structures ［J］. Structures and Buildings, 1999(134):45-56.［4］RIBERICH BARTON L. Retractable stadium roofs and flooring ［J］. Interface, 2009(1):12-21.［5］KNUT GOPPERT, MICHAEL STEIN. A spoked wheel structure for the world′s largest convertible roofthe new Commerzbank arena in Frankfurt, Germany［J］. Structural Engineering International，2007, 17(4): 282-287.［6］KAZUO ISHII. Structural design of retractable roof structures［M］.WIT Press, 2000.［7］TANNO YOSHIO, SASAKI YUKIO，NAKAI MASAYOSHI. Fukuoka dome, Japan［J］. Structural Engineering International, 1994, 4(3): 151-153.［8］日本建築學會. 開閉式屋根構造設計指針·同解說及設計資料集［S］. 1993.［9］范重, 趙長軍, 李麗,等. 國內(nèi)外開合屋蓋的應用現(xiàn)狀與實踐［J］. 施工技術, 2010, 39(8): 1-7.［10］范重，范學偉，趙長軍，等.國家網(wǎng)球館“鉆石球場”結構設計［J］.建筑結構，2013，43（4）：1-9,18.［11］范學偉，胡純煬，范重，等.國家網(wǎng)球館“鉆石球場”混凝土結構設計［J］.建筑結構，2013，43（4）：19-25.［12］范重, 彭翼, 胡純煬，等.開合屋蓋結構設計關鍵技術研究［J］. 建筑結構學報, 2010, 31 (6):132-144.［13］中國建筑設計研究院. 國家網(wǎng)球館結構抗震超限審查報告［R］. 北京：中國建筑設計研究院, 2009.［14］郭昌生, 吳開成. 開合屋蓋結構動力特征及抗震性能分析［J］. 地震工程與工程振動. 2006, 26(3): 124-127.［15］秦乃兵, 吳金志, 張毅剛. 大跨度開合網(wǎng)格結構的動力相互作用分析［J］. 工程建設與設計, 2005(12): 45-46.［16］李波, 楊慶山, 田玉基，等. 國家網(wǎng)球館可開啟屋蓋風荷載特性［J］. 土木工程學報, 2010, 43（S）: 112-118.［17］GB 50011—2001 建筑抗震設計規(guī)范［S］. 北京：中國建筑工業(yè)出版社, 2001.［18］范重，王義華，欒海強. 開合屋蓋結構設計荷載取值研究［J］. 建筑結構，2011，41(12)：39-51.
