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(1 華中科技大學(xué)水電與數(shù)字化工程學(xué)院 武漢 430074; 2 河南大學(xué)土木建筑學(xué)院 開封 475001)
［提要］ 河南大學(xué)既有建筑物墻面出現(xiàn)了粉化、起鼓或空鼓、開裂、剝落、結(jié)晶、墻截面縮小且強(qiáng)度降低等泛堿病害，其成因與地基土類型及化學(xué)成分、墻身及飾面材料及其孔隙、表面水、地下水位及水質(zhì)、大氣溫度及濕度、光照、通風(fēng)情況等有關(guān)。表面水引起的泛堿病害是局部的，地下水轉(zhuǎn)換為毛細(xì)水引起的泛堿病害是主要原因，且具有長(zhǎng)期性、循環(huán)性的特點(diǎn)。既有方法均治標(biāo)不治本，無(wú)法根除堿害。提出了封堵法、灌漿法及高壓旋噴灌漿法的防治對(duì)策。
［關(guān)鍵詞］ 既有建筑物 泛堿 成因 毛細(xì)水 對(duì)策
Forming Factors of Crystalline Bloom and Countermeasures on Ground Floor Metope of Current Buildings/Luo Changjun1,2 (1 College of Hydropower & Information Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074,China; 2 College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001,China)
Abstract:The serious crystalline bloom phenomenon appears on the metope and sur
face decoration of ground floor of the first and second western old style house of Henan University, such as surface decorations powdering, knobbing and hollowing, fracturing, coming off, riming etc. Its forming factors are related with kinds and chemic element of foundation soils, materials and porosity of walls and surface decoration, surface water, groundwater hydrograph and quality, atmospheric temperature and humidity, light treatments and ventilation situation. The reasons are strongly connected with surface water and groundwater, especially with the transform from groundwater to capillary water in the wall. Its breakage is longterm and has a characteristic of periodicity and circulation. The methods to solve crystalline bloom completely based on others treatments and exper
iences of water conservancy project are put forward. It is proved effective by application of water conservancy project.
Keywords:current buildings; crystalline bloom; forming factors; capillary water; countermeasures
*河南大學(xué)重點(diǎn)基金項(xiàng)目(XK02087)。