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(1 湖南大學(xué)土木工程學(xué)院，長沙 410082；2 南加利福尼亞大學(xué)土木工程系，洛杉磯 CA 90089；3 長沙凱森竹木新技術(shù)有限公司，長沙 410082)
［摘要］采用歐洲規(guī)范確定房屋的火災(zāi)荷載后，使用木垛火作為火源，對(duì)一足尺竹結(jié)構(gòu)輕型框架房屋進(jìn)行火災(zāi)模擬試驗(yàn)，研究了此類型房屋的火災(zāi)安全性能。歷時(shí)1h的火災(zāi)作用后，墻體骨柱在9.5mm厚普通石膏板的保護(hù)下，平均炭化深度僅為截面尺寸的1/3，而樓蓋格柵在19mm厚防火石膏板的保護(hù)下幾乎沒有火災(zāi)損傷，房屋最終保持了良好的結(jié)構(gòu)整體性，表明此類竹結(jié)構(gòu)房屋耐火時(shí)間可以達(dá)到1.0h以上，具有良好的火災(zāi)安全性能；墻體和樓板內(nèi)外表面的熱電偶數(shù)據(jù)顯示迎火面墻體最高溫度達(dá)到686℃的情況下，背火面溫度維持在一個(gè)較低的溫度水平(最高溫度僅為46～84℃)，表明采用石膏板和巖棉的房屋墻體和樓板具有良好的保溫隔熱性能；在試驗(yàn)研究的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)竹結(jié)構(gòu)輕型框架房屋的構(gòu)造措施提出了設(shè)計(jì)建議。
［關(guān)鍵詞］竹結(jié)構(gòu)；輕型框架房屋；火災(zāi)模擬試驗(yàn)；耐火時(shí)間
中圖分類號(hào)：TU366-1文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A文章編號(hào)：1002-848X(2012)02-0165-05
Experimental research on fire safety of lightweight bamboo frame buildings
Xiao Yan1,2, Ma Jian1, Shan Bo1, Chen Guo1, She Liyong3(1 College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;2 Department of Civil Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles CA 90089, USA；3 Advanced Bamboo and Timber Technology Ltd., Changsha, Changsha 410082, China)
Abstract:A fire simulation test of full-scale room unit was carried out to study the fire safety of lightweight bamboo frame buildings. Firewood with its quantity determined based on European standard was stacked and ignited in the testing room unit. After an hour fire, the maximum charring depth of glue laminated bamboo (Glubam) studs was only 1/3 of the sectional dimension under the protection of 9.5mm ordinary gypsum board, and the floor beams were scarcely damaged under the protection of 19mm fire-resistant gypsum board. The house maintained a good structural integrity at the end of fire test, demonstrating the satisfactory fire resistance of the lightweight bamboo frame building system. Based on instrumentation of 8 pairs of thermocouples installed on the surface of walls and floor, the highest temperature of internal surface was recorded as 686℃, while the highest temperature of external surface was in the range of 46℃ to 84℃, indicating the good thermal insulation using the gypsum boards and rockwool. On the basis of the experimental research, fire design measures were suggested for the new bamboo building system.
Keywords:bamboo structure; lightweight frame building; fire simulation test; fire resistant time
國家自然科學(xué)基金委項(xiàng)目(50938002)，國際竹藤組織共同資助。
作者簡(jiǎn)介：肖巖，博士，長江學(xué)者，特聘教授，Email：xiaorock@yahoo.com。
參考文獻(xiàn)
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