- 摘 要
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［摘要］我國村鎮(zhèn)公用建筑主要用途有：鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府辦公樓、中小學(xué)校舍、幼兒園、養(yǎng)老院房屋、鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院、鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)信用社、農(nóng)行等金融機(jī)構(gòu)房屋。對新疆巴楚、云南大姚、云南普洱、四川汶川等地震中村鎮(zhèn)公用建筑震害的現(xiàn)場調(diào)查表明，村鎮(zhèn)公用建筑震害遠(yuǎn)較城市建筑嚴(yán)重?；诖彐?zhèn)公用建筑的震害特點(diǎn)，分析了震害主要原因和在設(shè)計(jì)、施工等方面存在的主要問題。地震中村鎮(zhèn)公用建筑破壞嚴(yán)重，甚至倒塌，究其原因，最主要的是施工質(zhì)量差，政府有關(guān)部門監(jiān)管不力。
［關(guān)鍵詞］村鎮(zhèn)；公用建筑；抗震能力；震害原因
中圖分類號：TU312.3, TU365 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼：A文章編號：1002-848X(2011)11-0107-04
Cause analysis for seismic damage of public buildings in village and town
Ge Xueli，Yu Wen，Zhu Lixin(CABR Technology Co., Ltd., China Academy of Building Research, Beijing 100013, China)
Abstract: Besides self-built residences which were commonly built of raw soil, timber, masonry and stone, there are also some public buildings in village and town of China, using as government office building, school building, gerocomium building, township hospital, rural credit cooperatives, bank, etc. Seismic damage investigation in different areas shows that public buildings in village and town damaged more seriously than urban buildings. Based on field investigation of earthquake in Bachu, Dayao, Pu’er and Wenchuan in China, it introduces the damage characters, and analyzes the damge cause and problem in design and construction of public buildings in village and town, finally points out that the main reasons of serious damage of this kind of buildings are poor construction quality and weak government regulation.
Keywords: village and town; public building; seismic capacity; damage cause
*國家十一五科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目“村鎮(zhèn)住宅抗震技術(shù)與防災(zāi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)研究”子課題（2008BAJ08B14-02）；住宅和城鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)部“低層房屋抗災(zāi)技術(shù)研究”項(xiàng)目。
作者簡介：葛學(xué)禮（1951-），男，研究員，研究方向：抗震防災(zāi)，Email：gexueli5101@163.com。
參考文獻(xiàn)
［1］葛學(xué)禮,于文,朱立新,等. 云南普洱6.4級地震建筑震害分析［J］. 中國應(yīng)急管理, 2007(8):37-40.
［2］于文,葛學(xué)禮,朱立新. 四川汶川8.0級地震都江堰周邊村鎮(zhèn)房屋震害分析［J］. 工程抗震與加固改造, 2008,30(4):45-49.
［3］葛學(xué)禮,于文,朱立新. 四川汶川8級地震都江堰住宅震害分析［J］. 住宅產(chǎn)業(yè), 2008(6):32-35.
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