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［摘要］針對(duì)錨拉樁設(shè)計(jì)中土壓力計(jì)算模式存在的問(wèn)題，提出了三維土拱效應(yīng)模型這種新的計(jì)算方法，通過(guò)有限元方法，對(duì)該模型的正確性進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。在此基礎(chǔ)上，討論了錨頭間距、土體粘聚力、內(nèi)摩擦角及彈性模量對(duì)三維土拱效應(yīng)的影響。結(jié)果表明：隨著錨頭間距增大，土拱效應(yīng)減小；土體粘聚力和內(nèi)摩擦角增大，土拱效應(yīng)增強(qiáng)，但增大到一定值后，荷載分擔(dān)比例變化較小，且粘聚力值變化對(duì)土拱效應(yīng)的影響比內(nèi)摩擦角更顯著；土體彈性模量增大，荷載分擔(dān)比例也增大，最大可達(dá)到100%，此時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)體系可采用點(diǎn)錨，三維土拱效應(yīng)存在于整個(gè)錨索自由段。為進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證模型的正確性，進(jìn)行了室內(nèi)模擬試驗(yàn)，試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，擋板后水平及豎向均存在土拱效應(yīng)。
［關(guān)鍵詞］錨拉樁;荷載分擔(dān)比例;數(shù)值分析;三維土拱效應(yīng)；模型試驗(yàn)
中圖分類號(hào)：TU473文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A文章編號(hào)：1002-848X(2011)10-0097-05
Experimental research and numerical analysis of three-dimensional soil arching effect on anchor piles
Li Chengfang1,2, Xiong Qidong2, Kong Fanlin2(1 College of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400010, China; 2 Chongqing Institute of Building Research, Chongqing 400015, China)
Abstract:Three-dimensional soil arching effect model was proposed as a new method  to solve the existing problems about earth pressure computation methods on the anchor pile, and  its correctness was verified by  finite element analysis. On this basis, the effect of the anchor head spacing, soil cohesion, internal friction angle and elastic modulus on three-dimensional soil arching was discussed. The results show that: with the anchor head spacing increasing, soil arching effect decreases; with the soil cohesion and internal friction angle increasing, the soil arching effect increases, but to a certain value, the load sharing ratio changes little. In addition, soil cohesion value is more significant than internal friction angle value to exerting soil arching effect. With the elastic modulus increasing, the soil arching effect also increases, and load sharing ratio increases simultaneously, the largest value is up to 100%, slope retaining structure can use point anchor for this moment. Three-dimensional soil arching effect exists in the whole anchor free section. To further verify the correctness of the model,  simulation experiment was carried out. The results show that there is soil arching effect in the horizontal and vertial plane.
Keywords:anchor piles; load sharing ratio; numerical analysis; three-dimensional soil arching effect; model test
作者簡(jiǎn)介：李成芳，高級(jí)工程師，一級(jí)注冊(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)工程師，注冊(cè)土木（巖土）工程師,Email：LCF9133@163.com。
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