- 摘 要
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(1 中鐵上海設(shè)計(jì)院集團(tuán)有限公司,上海 200070； 2 同濟(jì)大學(xué)土木工程學(xué)院,上海 200092；3 中國鐵路上海局集團(tuán)有限公司南京樞紐指揮部,南京 210042)
摘要: 某高鐵線下站房的鋼結(jié)構(gòu)屋蓋選用了超出設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定的變截面、腹板大尺度多個(gè)開孔的鋼梁，有必要對其承載能力和延性等性能進(jìn)行研究。通過試驗(yàn)和有限元分析，研究了開孔梁荷載撓度關(guān)系、空腹截面應(yīng)力分布，對比了空腹桁架理論、試驗(yàn)和有限元計(jì)算結(jié)果。進(jìn)一步運(yùn)用有限元軟件 ABAQUS 對變截面大尺度開孔梁進(jìn)行了特征值屈曲分析，并進(jìn)行了考慮不同幅值、不同分布形式的初始幾何缺陷在全跨活荷載和半跨活荷載作用下的幾何、材料雙非線性分析，得到了不同特征的破壞模式。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):大尺度開孔梁彈性設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)，可用費(fèi)式空腹桁架理論進(jìn)行驗(yàn)算；大尺度多個(gè)開孔梁非線性效應(yīng)影響顯著，在設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)，應(yīng)充分考慮結(jié)構(gòu)的非線性特征；在全跨活荷載作用下，開孔梁的安全系數(shù)可達(dá)到 2.8，具有良好的承載能力；不同分布形式的缺陷會顯著影響大尺度開孔梁的承載力和延性；全跨活荷載比半跨活荷載對變截面大尺度開孔梁的性能更為不利；引入第 1 階屈曲模態(tài)分布形式的缺陷不一定是最不利的缺陷分布形式，不同的缺陷會造成 4 種不同的破壞模式。
關(guān)鍵詞: 變截面鋼梁； 大尺寸矩形孔腹板； 縮尺試驗(yàn)； 特征值屈曲分析； 非線性有限元分析； 承載力； 延性
中圖分類號:TU391 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A 文章編號:1002-848X(2022)19-0105-07
DOI:10.19701 / j.jzjg.20211560
∗中國鐵路上海局集團(tuán)公司科研計(jì)劃(2020141)，中鐵上海院集團(tuán)科研計(jì)劃(集-20-63)。
第一作者:顏陽，博士研究生，中級工程師，主要從事大跨鋼結(jié)構(gòu)研究，Email: yanyang@ sty. sh. cn。
Structural performance research of variable cross-section large-scalemultiple web-opening steel beams
YAN Yang1，2,WANG Yifei2,FAN Yuhua3,TONG Lewei2,NING Peng2
(1 China Railway Shanghai Design Institute Group Co. ,Ltd. ,Shanghai 200070,China； 2 College of Civil Engineering，Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China； 3 Nanjing Railway Hub Project Construction Headquarters,ChinaRailway Shanghai Group Co. ,Ltd. ,Nanjing 210042,China)
Abstract: The steel structure roof of a station building under a high-speed railway line uses steel beams with variablecross-sections and large-scale webs with multiple openings which exceed the design standards. It is necessary to analyze itsbearing capacity and ductility. The load-displacement relationship and stress distribution of web-opening beams were studiedby experiment and finite element,and the results of vierendeel truss theory,experiment and the finite element analysis werecompared. The eigenvalue buckling analysis of variable cross-section large-scale web-opening steel beams was carried outusing finite element software ABAQUS. Considering the initial geometric imperfection of different amplitudes and distributionforms under full-span live load and half-span live load,the geometric and material nonlinear analysis were carried out,anddifferent characteristics of the failure mode were obtained. The study found that: in the elastic design of large-scaleweb-opening beams,vierendeel truss theory can be used for calculation； the nonlinear effect of web-opening steel beamshas significant influence,and the nonlinear characteristics of the structure should be fully considered in the design； underfull-span live load,the safety factor of the steel beams with opening can reach 2.8,and it has a good load-bearingcapacity； the imperfection of different distributions will affect the load-bearing capacity and ductility of the web-openingbeam,full-span live load is more unfavorable to the performance of the variable cross-section web-opening steel beams thanhalf-span live load； imperfection introduced into the first-order buckling mode distribution form is not necessarily the mostunfavorable form of imperfection distribution,different imperfection will cause four kinds of different failure modes.
Keywords:variable cross-section steel beam； large rectangular web-opening； scale test； eigenvalue buckling analysis；nonlinear finite element analysis； bearing capacity； ductility
∗中國鐵路上海局集團(tuán)公司科研計(jì)劃(2020141)，中鐵上海院集團(tuán)科研計(jì)劃(集-20-63)。
第一作者:顏陽，博士研究生，中級工程師，主要從事大跨鋼結(jié)構(gòu)研究，Email: yanyang@ sty. sh. cn。
[引用本文] 顏陽，王逸飛，范余華，等. 變截面大尺度多開孔鋼梁結(jié)構(gòu)性能研究[ J]. 建筑結(jié)構(gòu)，2022，52(19):105-111，117. YAN Yang，WANG Yifei，F(xiàn)AN Yuhua，et al. Structural performance research of variable cross-section large-scale multiple web-opening steel beams[J]. Building Structure，2022，52(19):105-111，117.
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