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(1 中國(guó)能源建設(shè)集團(tuán)湖南省電力設(shè)計(jì)院有限公司， 長(zhǎng)沙 410007； 2 北京工業(yè)大學(xué)建筑工程學(xué)院，北京 100124； 3 中國(guó)電力科學(xué)研究院有限公司輸變電工程研究所， 北京 102401； 4 國(guó)網(wǎng)西藏電力有限公司， 拉薩 850000)

摘要: 螺旋錨是一種施工高效、環(huán)保的基礎(chǔ)，為支撐其在青藏高原架空輸電工程中的應(yīng)用，揭示碎石土地基螺旋錨基礎(chǔ)抗拔承載機(jī)制，開(kāi)展了不同安裝角度、不同錨盤個(gè)數(shù)的單個(gè)螺旋錨基礎(chǔ)軸向上拔，以及淺埋承臺(tái)式螺旋錨群錨基礎(chǔ)斜向上拔的原位載荷試驗(yàn)。 試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:單個(gè)螺旋錨基礎(chǔ)豎向上拔荷載￣位移關(guān)系曲線介于陡降型與直線型之間，主要發(fā)生錨盤上部土體局部剪切破壞而進(jìn)入承載極限狀態(tài)，呈現(xiàn)深基礎(chǔ)承載特性；螺旋錨豎向傾斜角度越大則其軸向抗拔極限承載力越小，但加載初期傾斜角度對(duì)承載性能的影響不明顯，錨盤越多則承載力越大；淺埋承臺(tái)式螺旋錨群錨基礎(chǔ)在斜拉荷載作用下承臺(tái)和螺旋錨均發(fā)揮了一定的抗拔和抗傾覆作用，其中豎向位移 20mm時(shí)淺埋承臺(tái)因與地基相互作用而先期進(jìn)入極限狀態(tài)，隨后主要由螺旋錨繼續(xù)抵抗基礎(chǔ)頂部增量荷載作用，另外群錨主要通過(guò)對(duì)承臺(tái)的不均勻作用力來(lái)抵抗傾覆力矩。

關(guān)鍵詞: 碎石土； 螺旋錨； 承臺(tái)； 錨盤； 載荷試驗(yàn)； 承載機(jī)制

中圖分類號(hào):TU476. 9 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A 文章編號(hào):1002￣848X(2022)04￣0148￣05

DOI:10. 19701 / j.jzjg.LS201944

In situ loading test and bearing mechanism analysis of concrete cap type helical anchorfoundation for gravel soil ground in the Qinghai￣Tibetan Plateau

HUANG Yongxiang1， DING Shijun2，3， YUAN Xiaochao4， ZHAI Guoguang4， DING Mintao3

(1 China Energy Engineering Group Hunan Electric Power Design Institute Co.， Ltd.， Changsha 410007， China；2 College of Architecture and Civil Engineering， Beijing University of Technology， Beijing 100124， China；3 Institute of Transmission and Transformation Engineering， China Electric Power Research Institute， Beijing 102401，China； 4 State Grid Tibet Electric Power Co.， Ltd.， Lasa 850000， China)

Abstract:Helical anchor is a kind of high￣efficiency construction and environmental protection foundation. In order tosupport its application of the overhead power transmission project in the Qinghai￣Tibet Plateau， and to reveal the anti￣upliftbearing mechanism of the helical anchor foundation for gravel soil ground， the in￣situ loading tests of the single helicalanchor foundation with different installation angles and different number of anchor plates under the axial uplift loading， andthe shallow￣buried cap type helical anchor group foundation under the oblique uplift loading were carried out. The testresults show that the vertical uplift load￣displacement relationship curve of a single helical anchor foundation is between thesteep drop type and the straight type， and the local shear failure of the upper part of the anchor plate mainly occurs andenters the bearing limit state， showing the bearing characteristics of the deep foundation； The greater the vertical tilt angleof the helical anchor， the lower the ultimate axial uplift bearing capacity， but the inclination angle at the beginning ofloading has no obvious effect on the load￣bearing performance. The more anchor plates， the greater the bearing capacity.Under the oblique uplift loading， both the cap and the helical anchor of the shallow￣buried cap type helical anchor groupfoundation play a certain anti￣uplift and anti￣overturning effect. When the vertical displacement is 20mm， the shallow￣buried cap will initially enter the limit state due to the interaction with the ground， and then the helical anchor will continueto resist the load on the top of the foundation. In addition， the group anchors mainly resist the overturning moment by theuneven force on the cap.

Keywords:gravel soil； helical anchor； cap； anchor plate； loading test； bearing mechanism

第一作者:黃勇祥，碩士，正高級(jí)工程師，主要從事輸電線路結(jié)構(gòu)工程設(shè)計(jì)，Email:26778837@ qq.com。

[引用本文] 黃勇祥，丁士君，袁小超，等. 青藏高原碎石土地基混凝土承臺(tái)式螺旋錨基礎(chǔ)原位載荷試驗(yàn)及承載機(jī)制分析[J]. 建筑結(jié)構(gòu)，2022，52( 4):148￣152，105. HUANG Yongxiang，DING Shijun，YUAN Xiaochao， et al. In situloading test and bearing mechanism analysis of concrete cap type helical anchor foundation for gravel soil ground in theQinghai￣Tibetan Plateau[J]. Building Structure，2022，52(4):148￣152，105.