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(上海建筑設(shè)計(jì)研究院有限公司, 上海 200041)

摘要: 應(yīng)急醫(yī)療項(xiàng)目往往使用周期較短,但要求建成速度快、災(zāi)后易拆除. 在結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)上應(yīng)遵循快速、簡(jiǎn)便、適用和易恢復(fù)的原則,按建造方式可分為新建臨時(shí)建筑和既有建筑改造兩類項(xiàng)目. 新建結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)優(yōu)先選用成品化、模塊化程度高的結(jié)構(gòu)體系,目前常用的戶外新建應(yīng)急醫(yī)療臨時(shí)建筑的結(jié)構(gòu)形式有大型篷房和箱式鋼結(jié)構(gòu)臨時(shí)用房. 改建項(xiàng)目宜選用新近建成或使用維護(hù)狀況良好的工程,常選內(nèi)部空間便于迅速搭建隔斷且消防技術(shù)條件較好的公共建筑. 結(jié)合上海市 2022 年抗疫應(yīng)急醫(yī)療項(xiàng)目的實(shí)踐,從設(shè)計(jì)原則、結(jié)構(gòu)體系、設(shè)計(jì)要點(diǎn)、現(xiàn)場(chǎng)施工和預(yù)防措施等方面系統(tǒng)介紹了各結(jié)構(gòu)體系在不同場(chǎng)景下的應(yīng)用情況.

關(guān)鍵詞: 應(yīng)急醫(yī)療項(xiàng)目; 新建臨時(shí)建筑; 篷房; 箱式鋼結(jié)構(gòu); 既有建筑改造

中圖分類號(hào):TU399 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A 文章編號(hào):1002-848X(2023)01-0089-06

DOI:10. 19701 / j. jzjg. SHY2306

Structural practice of anti-pandemic emergency medical project

JIANG Wenwei, ZHANG Jian, CHENG Xi, SHEN Lei

(Shanghai Institute of Architecture Design & Research Co. , Ltd. , Shanghai 200041, China)

Abstract: Emergency medical projects often have a short life cycle, but require fast construction and easy dismantling afterdisasters. The principles of quickness, simplicity, applicability and easy recovery should be followed in the structuraldesign. According to the construction method, it can be divided into newly-built temporary building projects and existingbuilding renovation projects. For the newly-building structure, the finished and highly modularized structural system shouldbe preferred. At present, the commonly used structural forms of newly-built outdoor emergency medical temporary buildingsinclude large canopy buildings and box-typed steel structure temporary buildings. Reconstruction projects should benewly-built projects or projects in good condition of use and maintenance, and usually, public buildings with internal spacethat facilitates rapid construction of partition walls and better fire protection conditions are selected. Based on the designand application of Shanghai anti-pandemic emergency medical project, the application of each structural system in differentscenarios were systematically introduced from the aspects of design principles, structural system, design points, on-siteconstruction problems and precautions.

Keywords: emergency medical project; newly-built temporary building; canopy building; box-typed steel structure;existing building renovation

∗上海建筑設(shè)計(jì)研究院有限公司課題:公共衛(wèi)生安全緊急事件中城市臨時(shí)隔離設(shè)施應(yīng)對(duì)策略及技術(shù)研究(22-1 類-0241-綜).

作者簡(jiǎn)介:姜文偉,學(xué)士,教授級(jí)高級(jí)工程師,一級(jí)注冊(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)工程師,主要從事建筑結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)及研究,Email:jiangww@ aisa.com. cn.

[引用本文] 姜文偉,張堅(jiān),程熙,等. 抗疫應(yīng)急醫(yī)療項(xiàng)目結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)踐[ J]. 建筑結(jié)構(gòu),2023,53( 1):89-94. JIANGWenwei,ZHANG Jian,CHENG Xi,et al. Structural practice of anti-pandemic emergency medical project [ J]. BuildingStructure,2023,53(1):89-94.