- 摘 要
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（1 上海市建筑科學研究院有限公司， 上海 200032； 2 上海市工程結(jié)構(gòu)安全重點實驗室， 上海 200032）
［摘要］上海近代混凝土公共建筑當初的設(shè)計方法尚不成熟，與現(xiàn)行標準相比，其原始設(shè)計、材料質(zhì)量和建造工藝通常存在缺陷。通過對比上海近代及現(xiàn)代混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)公共建筑材料及設(shè)計理念差異，得到如下結(jié)論：上海近代混凝土公共建筑的混凝土強度等級基本介于C10～C20之間，強度普遍偏低；上海近代混凝土公共建筑采用容許應(yīng)力法進行設(shè)計，混凝土和鋼筋安全系數(shù)具有一定的安全冗余度，但是安全系數(shù)是經(jīng)驗值，缺乏嚴格的科學依據(jù)；上海近代混凝土公共建筑采用的樓面活荷載取值普遍偏大，屋面荷載與現(xiàn)行標準有差異，恒載按照實際荷載計算，但是均未考慮荷載分項系數(shù)；上海近代混凝土公共建筑梁正截面承載力、梁斜截面承載力、柱軸壓承載力和板承載力計算方式均與現(xiàn)行標準有差異；上海近代混凝土公共建筑梁柱及節(jié)點未考慮抗震構(gòu)造設(shè)計，普遍達不到現(xiàn)行抗震設(shè)計標準的要求。
［關(guān)鍵詞］上海近代混凝土公共建筑；既有建筑；容許應(yīng)力法；混凝土構(gòu)件；抗震構(gòu)造設(shè)計
中圖分類號：TU375文獻標識碼：A文章編號：1002-848X(2021)07-0121-07
Comparative study on original structural design concepts and current standards of modern concrete public buildings in Shanghai
BAI Xue1,2
(1 Shanghai Research Institute of Building Sciences Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200032, China; 2 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Engineering Structure Safety, Shanghai 200032, China)
Abstract:The original design methods of modern concrete public buildings in Shanghai were not yet mature. Compared with the current standards, their original design, material quality and construction techniques usually have defects. By comparing the materials and design concepts of modern public buildings with current concrete structures in Shanghai, the following conclusions were drawn. The concrete strength grades of modern concrete public buildings in Shanghai were basically between C10～C20, and the strength is generally low. Modern concrete public buildings in Shanghai were designed by the allowable stress method, and the safety factors of concrete and steel bars have a certain degree of safety redundancy, but the safety factors are empirical values and lack strict scientific basis. The floor live load value adopted by modern concrete public buildings in Shanghai is generally too large. The roof load is different from the current standard. The dead load is calculated according to the actual load. The load factor is not considered in these cases. The calculation methods of beam normal section bearing capacity, beam oblique section bearing capacity, column axial compression bearing capacity and slab bearing capacity of modern concrete public buildings in Shanghai are different from the current standards. The design of beams, columns and joints of modern concrete public buildings in Shanghai does not consider the seismic structural design, and generally does not meet the requirements of the current seismic design standards.
Keywords:modern concrete public buildings in Shanghai;existing building;allowable stress method;concrete member;seismic structural design
*上海市科學技術(shù)委員會科研項目（19DZ1202400），上海市建筑科學研究院集團科研創(chuàng)新課題（KY10000038-20190003）。
作者簡介：白雪，博士，工程師，Email: 466060242@qq.com。
