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（中國建筑西南設(shè)計(jì)研究院有限公司， 成都 610042）

［摘要］作為一種常用的建筑材料，鋼材雖然具備強(qiáng)度高、延性好、裝配式施工方便等一系列的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但其防火性能較差。鋼結(jié)構(gòu)在高溫下會(huì)喪失承載能力，導(dǎo)致結(jié)構(gòu)的破壞、局部或整體垮塌。為保證鋼結(jié)構(gòu)建筑的火災(zāi)安全，為人員疏散、消防滅火救援、財(cái)產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移等創(chuàng)造充分的時(shí)間條件，建筑鋼結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件應(yīng)具有一定的耐火極限。隨著《建筑鋼結(jié)構(gòu)防火技術(shù)規(guī)范》（GB 51249—2017）、《鋼結(jié)構(gòu)防火涂料》（GB 14907—2018）等新規(guī)范的發(fā)布與施行以及相關(guān)協(xié)會(huì)或團(tuán)體標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的修訂，鋼結(jié)構(gòu)防火設(shè)計(jì)方法發(fā)生了重大變化，由經(jīng)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)方法轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榛诮Y(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件耐火極限驗(yàn)算的量化設(shè)計(jì)方法。對(duì)國內(nèi)現(xiàn)行鋼結(jié)構(gòu)防火設(shè)計(jì)相關(guān)的規(guī)范體系進(jìn)行了梳理，并介紹了典型鋼結(jié)構(gòu)防火設(shè)計(jì)方法和流程。

［關(guān)鍵詞］鋼結(jié)構(gòu)； 防火設(shè)計(jì)； 規(guī)范體系； 防火涂料； 耐火極限

中圖分類號(hào)：TU312-3文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A文章編號(hào)：1002-848X(2020)24-0001-10

Codes and key points for fire safety of steel structures in buildings

SONG Qianyi

(China Southwest Architectural Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610042, China)

Abstract:As a commonly used building material, although steel has a series of advantages such as high strength, good ductility, and convenient assembly-type construction, its fire safety performance is poor. Steel structure loses its bearing capacity at high temperature, leading to structural damage, partial or overall collapse. In order to ensure the fire safety of steel structure buildings and create sufficient time conditions for personnel evacuation, firefighting and rescue, property transfer, etc., building steel structure components should have a certain fire resistance. With the release and implementation of new codes such as Code for fire safety of steel structures in buildings (GB 51249—2017) and Fire resistive coating for steel structure (GB 14907—2018) and the revision of relevant association or group standards, significant changes have taken place in the fire safety design method of steel structures, and the empirical design method is transformed to a quantitative design method based on the check calculation of the fire safety limit of structural components. The current domestic standard systems related to fire safety design of steel structures were sorted out and typical steel structure fire safety design methods and procedures were introduced.

Keywords:steel structure; fire safety design; code system; fire resistive coating; fire resistance

*中國博士后科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目（2017M620869,2018T110128），國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃課題（2019YFD1101001），四川省科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2019YFS0064)。

作者簡介：宋謙益，博士，高級(jí)工程師，Email:soujy.qy@gmail.com。