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（內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)土木工程學(xué)院， 包頭 014010）
［摘要］鋼吊車梁的研究多集中于理論和模型試驗(yàn)研究，為了彌補(bǔ)了鋼吊車梁在實(shí)測研究中的空白，進(jìn)行了重級工作制下鋼吊車梁受力性能的實(shí)測研究。在吊車滿載、額定荷載、空載3種荷載工況下，對某煉鋼廠連鑄車間正在服役的4根跨度不同、軌道偏心距不同的鋼吊車梁進(jìn)行了現(xiàn)場動態(tài)應(yīng)變測試。測試結(jié)果表明：采用直角式和變截面圓弧式吊車梁，其支座端有應(yīng)力集中現(xiàn)象，在吊車頻繁運(yùn)行的情況下，容易產(chǎn)生疲勞裂紋。變截面圓弧式吊車梁在變截面圓弧處易出現(xiàn)徑向、切向疲勞裂紋；對于直角式變截面支座，在滿足一定構(gòu)造要求的前提下，其抗疲勞性能優(yōu)于變截面圓弧式支座。對實(shí)際工程中需采用變截面的吊車梁，建議采用直角式突變支座。在偏心移動荷載往復(fù)作用下，鋼吊車梁上翼緣與腹板連接處，主應(yīng)力及剪應(yīng)力的循環(huán)作用是該處容易形成疲勞損傷的原因之一。
［關(guān)鍵詞］鋼吊車梁； 動態(tài)應(yīng)變測試； 軌道偏心； 直角式突變支座； 變截面圓弧式支座
中圖分類號：TU317， TU273-2文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼：A文章編號：1002-848X(2020)13-0089-06
Study on behavior parameters of steel crane beam under moving loads
WEN Yang1, YU Jiao2, WANG Pengxin3
(College of Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, China)
Abstract:The research of steel crane beams mostly focuses on the oretical and model experimental researches. In order to make up for the blank of the steel crane beam in the field research, the experimental research on the mechanical properties of the steel crane beam under the heavy duty system was carried out. Four steel crane beams with different spans and track eccentricities in the continuows casting workshop of a steelmaking factory were tested under three load conditions in the on-site dynamic strain test: full load, rated load and no load. The test results show that: when the right angle crane beam and the variable cross-section arc-shape crane beam are used, the stress concentration phenomenon exists at the support end, and the fatigue crack is easy to occur when the crane operates frequently. The radial and tangential fatigue cracks are easy to appear in the variable cross-section arc-shape of the crane beam with variable cross-section. For the right angle variable cross-section bearing, its fatigue resistance is better than that of the variable cross-section arc-shape support on the premise of meeting certain structural requirements. For the crane beam with variable cross-section, it is suggested to adopt the right angle mutation support. Under the reciprocating action of eccentric moving loads, the cyclic action of main stress and shear stress is one of the causes of fatigue damage at the connection of upper flange and web of steel crane beam.
Keywords:steel crane beam; dynamic strain test; orbital eccentricity; right angle mutation support; variable cross-section arc-shape support
*國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51768056)。
作者簡介：聞洋，博士，教授，碩士生導(dǎo)師，Email:wenyangalbert@163.com。
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