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（清華大學(xué)建筑設(shè)計(jì)研究院有限公司， 北京 100084）

［摘要］對(duì)歷史建筑進(jìn)行保護(hù)修繕和賦予其新的使用功能是古城保護(hù)與開發(fā)過程中一個(gè)嶄新的課題，尤其是對(duì)于磚混結(jié)構(gòu)的歷史建筑進(jìn)行保護(hù)修繕和加固改造，應(yīng)著眼于建筑物的實(shí)際情況和改造后的功能需求，從施工的難易、安全性及經(jīng)濟(jì)性上考慮盡量不拆除或少拆除原主體承重結(jié)構(gòu)。但本工程的歷史建筑因歷史久遠(yuǎn)、主體結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件破損嚴(yán)重，在原主體結(jié)構(gòu)基礎(chǔ)上加固改造基本沒有可行性，同時(shí)文物部門又要求建筑物的的外貌不能改變，所以采用“外墻保留+全脫開的內(nèi)部加層”的加固改造方法便成了合理方案之一。這種加固改造方法重點(diǎn)在于對(duì)保留外墻的加固改造，通過在保留外墻的室內(nèi)一側(cè)增加扶壁框架（扶壁柱+水平系梁）、鋼筋混凝土面層及圈梁等措施加固墻體。從工程實(shí)例出發(fā)，分析并系統(tǒng)梳理了“外墻保留+全脫開的內(nèi)部加層”的加固改造方法，在方案選擇、模型建立、參數(shù)確定等方面進(jìn)行了細(xì)致的推導(dǎo)和演示，得到了完整的設(shè)計(jì)方法和合理的經(jīng)驗(yàn)數(shù)值，可為工程技術(shù)人員參考。

［關(guān)鍵詞］歷史建筑； 加固改造； 設(shè)計(jì)方法； 磚混結(jié)構(gòu)； 扶壁框架

中圖分類號(hào)：TU318-1文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A文章編號(hào)：1002-848X(2020)12-0125-04

Reinforcement and reconstruction design of a historic building

LI Zengchao, SHAO Xizi

(Architectural Design & Research Institute of Tsinghua University Co.,  Ltd., Beijing 100084, China)

Abstract:It is a new task to protect and repair the historic buildings and give them new functions in the process of protection and development of the ancient city. Especially for the protection, repair and reinforcement of the historic buildings with brick concrete structure, the actual situation of the buildings and the functional requirements after the transformation should be emphasized,  and it is better not to dismantle or dismantle least parts of the original main bearing structure from the aspects of construction difficulty, safety and economy. However, due to the long history of the historic buildings of the project, the main structural members were seriously damaged, and the reinforcement and transformation on the basis of the original main structure was basically not feasible. At the same time, the cultural relic department also required that the appearance of the buildings could not be changed, so the reinforcement and transformation method of “retaining the external wall + adding the internal layer with full separation” became one of the reasonable schemes. The emphasis of this method lied in the reinforcement of the retaining wall, which was strengthened by adding the buttress frame (buttress column + horizontal tie beam), reinforced concrete surface layer and ring beam on the indoor side of the retaining wall. Starting from an engineering example, the strengthening and reconstruction methods of “retaining the external wall + adding the internal layer with full separation” of historic buildings were analyzed and systemically combed, and detailed derivation and demonstration were made in the aspects of scheme selection, model establishment, parameter determination, etc., and obtains a complete design method and reasonable experience value, which could be used as a reference for engineers and technicians.

Keywords:historic building; reinforcement and reconstruction; design method; brick concrete structure; buttress frame

作者簡(jiǎn)介：李增超，學(xué)士，高級(jí)工程師，一級(jí)注冊(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)工程師，Email：lizengchao@thad.com.cn。