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(1 青島農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)海都學(xué)院, 青島 265200; 2 青島市建筑設(shè)計(jì)研究院集團(tuán)股份有限公司， 青島 266003)

［摘要］結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件在其使用年限內(nèi)的再利用可以有效減少新材料的采購(gòu)，降低多余材料浪費(fèi)，且其能耗較低，對(duì)環(huán)境影響較小。從此角度出發(fā)，提出一種結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化技術(shù)重新設(shè)計(jì)桁架結(jié)構(gòu)，使其能最大限度地利用已有庫(kù)存結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件。但從回收構(gòu)件的庫(kù)存中設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)與傳統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范并不相同，故進(jìn)一步提出了采用迭代方法從桿單元出發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)桁架系統(tǒng)的離散結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化公式。具體方法為：首先進(jìn)行庫(kù)存分配和拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化；隨后進(jìn)行幾何優(yōu)化，使系統(tǒng)幾何與所分配的單元長(zhǎng)度匹配。同時(shí)結(jié)合兩個(gè)實(shí)際案例開展研究：1)簡(jiǎn)單布局的懸臂結(jié)構(gòu)，用來(lái)解釋設(shè)計(jì)方法的細(xì)節(jié)；2)復(fù)雜布局的火車站屋頂結(jié)構(gòu)，由已拆卸的輸電塔中可再利用的構(gòu)件組成。最后對(duì)兩個(gè)案例中結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)生命周期評(píng)估，得出的結(jié)果表明，采用本文方法獲得的再利用結(jié)構(gòu)盡管有更大的質(zhì)量和更低的材料利用率，但其可以極大限度減少資源的浪費(fèi)，且對(duì)環(huán)境造成的不良影響更小。

［關(guān)鍵詞］結(jié)構(gòu)庫(kù)存分配； 拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化； 桁架結(jié)構(gòu)； 再利用設(shè)計(jì)； 結(jié)構(gòu)生命周期； 環(huán)境影響

中圖分類號(hào)：TU318+.1文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A文章編號(hào)：1002-848X(2020)09-0063-009

Research on reuse design of truss structure

YUAN Shaodong1, 2, SHI Jian1, JIANG Dayuan1

(1 Haidu College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 265200, China;2 Qingdao Architecture Design Institute Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266003, China)

Abstract:The reuse of structural components in their service life can effectively reduce the procurement of new materials, reduce the waste of redundant materials, and its energy consumption is low, with little impact on the environment. From this point of view, a structural optimization technology to redesign the truss structure was proposed to maximize the use of the existing inventory of structural components. However, the design of the structure from the inventory of recycled components was not the same as that according to the traditional structural design code, so the discrete structural optimization formula of truss system design was proposed from the pole element design method. The specific methods are as follows: firstly, the inventory allocation and topology optimization were carried out; secondly, the geometry optimization was carried out to make the system geometry best match the element length allocated. And two practical cases were studied: the cantilever structure with simple layout was used to explain the details of the design method; the other was the roof structure of the railway station with complex layout, which was composed of reusable components in the transmission tower. At last, the structural life cycle assessment of two cases was carried out, and the results show that although the reuse structure obtained by this method has greater quality and lower material utilization, it can greatly reduce the waste of resources, and has less adverse impact on the environment.

Keywords:structural inventory allocation; topology optimization; truss structure; reuse design; structural life cycle; environmental inspact

通訊作者：蔣大園，碩士，講師，Email: 13808957683@163.com。