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（1 銅陵市建筑工程施工圖設(shè)計(jì)文件審查有限公司， 銅陵 244000；2 銅陵市建設(shè)工程質(zhì)量監(jiān)督監(jiān)測(cè)有限公司， 銅陵 244000）

［摘要］針對(duì)巖溶地區(qū)溶洞和土洞的特點(diǎn)，總結(jié)其基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計(jì)方法和土洞及表層（或淺層）巖溶的處理方法。當(dāng)滿足《建筑地基基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》（GB 50007—2011）第6-6-6條規(guī)定時(shí)，可不考慮巖溶對(duì)地基穩(wěn)定性的影響。當(dāng)巖溶以上有厚度較大、承載力較高的覆土，且?guī)r溶穩(wěn)定、基巖頂標(biāo)高總體基本相同時(shí)，可采用整體性較好的筏基和箱基。對(duì)于高度較大的高層建筑，覆土承載力不滿足時(shí)，可采用CFG樁等剛性樁復(fù)合地基進(jìn)行處理；當(dāng)覆土承載力較低時(shí)，可采用人工挖孔樁、沖擊成孔灌注樁或旋挖樁，不能采用管樁或其他預(yù)制樁。采用樁基時(shí)，應(yīng)保證樁端以下3倍直徑且不小于5m深度范圍內(nèi)無(wú)土洞、溶洞、破碎帶或軟弱夾層等不良地質(zhì)條件。對(duì)《建筑地基基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》（GB 50007—2011）第8-5-6條第6款規(guī)定的“樁底應(yīng)力擴(kuò)散范圍內(nèi)應(yīng)無(wú)巖體臨空面”的規(guī)定，可根據(jù)具體工程的覆土厚度、臨空面坡度和軟弱面傾斜方向等，分析其影響程度；不是所有臨空面都影響地基穩(wěn)定。嵌巖樁承載力大多由樁身混凝土強(qiáng)度控制，應(yīng)重視樁身強(qiáng)度驗(yàn)算和樁身完整性檢測(cè)。

［關(guān)鍵詞］巖溶； 溶洞； 土洞； 臨空面； 基礎(chǔ)形式； 樁基； 嵌巖深度； 超前鉆

中圖分類號(hào)：TU470文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A文章編號(hào)：1002-848X(2020)03-0119-10

Discussion on ground treatment and foundation design method in karst area

Li Guosheng1,2

(1 Tongling Construction Engineering Drawing Design Review Co., Ltd., Tongling 244000, China;2 Tongling Construction Engineering Quality Supervision and Monitoring Co., Ltd., Tongling 244000, China)

Abstract:Aiming at the characteristics of karst caves and soil caves in karst area, the foundation design methods and the treatment methods of soil caves and surface (or shallow) karsts were summarized. When meeting the requirements of article 6-6-6 of  Code for design of building foundation (GB 50007—2011), the influence of karst on the stability of the foundation can be neglected. The raft foundation and box foundation with good integrity can be used when there is a covering soil with large thickness and high bearing capacity above the karst and the karst is stable and the elevation of the bedrock top is basically the same. For high-rise buildings with large height, rigid pile composite foundation such as CFG pile can be used for treatment if the bearing capacity of the covering soil is not satisfied; if the bearing capacity of the covering soil is low, manual hole digging pile, percussive bored pile or rotary excavation pile can be used instead of pipe pile or other prefabricated piles. When pile foundation is adopted, it shall be ensured that there is no adverse geological conditions such as soil cave, karst cave, broken zone or weak interlayer within the range of 3 times of diameter and not less than 5m depth below the pile end. According to the provisions of clause 6, article 8-5-6 of  Code for design of building foundation (GB 50007—2011), there shall be no free surface of rock mass within the stress diffusion range at the pile bottom, so the influence degree can be analyzed according to the thickness of covering soil, the slope of free surface and the inclined direction of weak face; not all free surfaces affect the stability of the ground. The bearing capacity of rock socketed pile is mostly controlled by the concrete strength of the pile shaft, so it is necessary to pay attention to the checking calculation of pile shaft strength and the integrity detection of the pile shaft.

Keywords:karst; karst cave; soil cave; free surface; foundation form; pile foundation; rock socketed depth; advance drilling

作者簡(jiǎn)介：李國(guó)勝，學(xué)士，高級(jí)工程師，一級(jí)注冊(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)工程師，Email:693950802@qq.com。