- 摘 要
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（1 中國中元國際工程有限公司， 北京 100089； 2 中國建筑科學(xué)研究院， 北京 100013）
［摘要］柬埔寨國家體育場項(xiàng)目屬于索膜結(jié)構(gòu)，對風(fēng)荷載影響敏感。但柬埔寨目前沒有健全的國家工程設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范體系，風(fēng)荷載取值也沒有明確的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)依據(jù)。首先對金邊國際機(jī)場（VDPP）近20年風(fēng)速風(fēng)向等氣象資料進(jìn)行整理，分析其概率分布特征，總結(jié)其風(fēng)速風(fēng)向特點(diǎn)。結(jié)果表明，VDPP數(shù)據(jù)在各個(gè)風(fēng)向上大風(fēng)出現(xiàn)的概率基本在1%以下，大概率區(qū)間處在0°和180°風(fēng)向角附近，年最大風(fēng)速主要集中在南北向。其次對不同重現(xiàn)期的風(fēng)速，以年最大極值風(fēng)速為樣本，采用獨(dú)立風(fēng)暴法對本項(xiàng)目基本風(fēng)壓進(jìn)行研究，結(jié)合周邊國家的規(guī)范，給出建議基本風(fēng)壓：10年重現(xiàn)期取0-4kPa；50年重現(xiàn)期取0-45kPa；100年重現(xiàn)期取0-5kPa。然后利用風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)對結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析，得到風(fēng)壓系數(shù)，并給出典型風(fēng)向角下結(jié)構(gòu)表面和墻面的風(fēng)壓分布云圖和不同風(fēng)向角下的極值風(fēng)壓，得出體育場屋面極值風(fēng)壓的變化范圍為-1-5～0-9kPa、墻面的極值風(fēng)壓的變化范圍為-0-8～1-4kPa。最后對結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行風(fēng)振響應(yīng)分析，得到結(jié)構(gòu)的等效靜力風(fēng)荷載。同時(shí)還利用數(shù)值風(fēng)洞對外墻開洞率及罩棚仰角進(jìn)行優(yōu)化，確定了外墻最優(yōu)開洞率60%和罩棚仰角14°。
［關(guān)鍵詞］柬埔寨國家體育場； 獨(dú)立風(fēng)暴法； 索膜結(jié)構(gòu)； 風(fēng)荷載； 基本風(fēng)壓； 數(shù)值風(fēng)洞
中圖分類號：TU33, TU311文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼：A文章編號：1002-848X(2020)01-0008-07
Design and research on wind load for Morodok Techo National Stadium in the Kingdom of Cambodia
Zhang Su1, Tang Yi2, Zhang Tongyi1, Liu Chong1, Qian Jihong2, Wang Wenyuan1
(1 China IPPR International Engineering Co., Ltd., Beijing 100089, China; 2 China Academy of Building Research, Beijing 100013, China)
Abstract:The cable-membrane structure, which is sensitive to wind load effects, is adopted for Morodok Techo National Stadium in the Kingdom of Cambodia. However, there is no well-established standard system for engineering design in Cambodia. Also, there are no specific standard provisions for the wind load. Firstly, meteorological data, such as the wind speeds and directions, of the recent 20 years recorded by the Phnom Penh International Airport (VDPP) was collected, and the characteristics of the probability distribution for the collected data were analyzed, and the features of wind speeds and directions were summarized. The results show that the probability of the occurrence of strong wind in each wind direction of VDPP data is basically below 1%, and the large probability interval is near the wind direction angles of 0° and 180°, and the annual maximum wind speed is mainly in the north-south direction. Secondly, for the wind speeds with different return periods, the annual maximums were used as samples, and the method of independent storms was adopted in the research on the basic wind pressure for the design of Morodok Techo National Stadium in the Kingdom of Cambodia. According to the specifications of surrounding countries, the basic wind pressure was recommended as 0-4kPa for 10-year return period, 0-45kPa for 50-year return period and 0-5kPa for 100-year return period. Thirdly, the wind tunnel test was performed on the structure model, and the pressure coefficients were obtained. Besides, the distribution pattern of the wind pressure on the canopy and the exterior walls under typical wind directions, as well as the maximum wind pressure under different wind directions were presented. The results show that the range of maximum wind pressure of the stadium canopy is -1-5～0-9kPa, and that of exterior wall is -0-8～1-4kPa. Finally, the response of the structure under wind loads was analyzed, and the equivalent static wind load was obtained. Furthermore, numerical wind tunnel simulation was carried out to optimize the opening ratio of the curtain wall and the elevation angle of the canopy. Then the optimal values were determined, which are 60% and 14°for opening ratio and elevation angle of the canopy respectively.
Keywords:Morodok Techo National Stadium in the Kingdom of Cambodia; method of independent storms; cable-membrane structure; wind load; basic wind pressure; numerical wind tunnel
作者簡介：張速，學(xué)士，高級工程師，一級注冊結(jié)構(gòu)工程師，Email:728239747@qq.com。
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