- 摘 要
-
(華建集團華東建筑設計研究總院, 上海 200002)
［摘要］隨著改革開放40年國內經濟快速發(fā)展以及城鎮(zhèn)化進程的加速，我國高層建筑和超高層建筑呈現(xiàn)出雨后春筍般的發(fā)展，我國已成為全球超高層建筑發(fā)展的中心，在該領域總體上已達到國際先進水平。首先以時間為維度，概括回顧了我國高層建筑從20世紀二三十年代起源，七八十年代局部發(fā)展，到改革開放之后飛躍發(fā)展的歷程。其次重點介紹21世紀以來近20年我國超高層建筑結構的新發(fā)展：不斷攀升的建筑高度和綜合建筑功能衍生出的結構效率、延性和可建性更佳的結構體系，所采用的抗風設計手段和各種減振措施，基于性能的抗震設計方法和消能減震技術的廣泛應用。精確的計算分析手段和方法驗證了超高層建筑結構設計的可行性，部分影響結構經濟性的整體結構控制指標需要進一步探討。大量的試驗研究和專項技術研究為結構設計的創(chuàng)新提供了依據(jù)，同時也提升了其關鍵技術。最后，基于目前超高層建筑發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀、存在的問題和面臨的挑戰(zhàn)，對今后超高層建筑結構的發(fā)展，包括若干重點技術的研發(fā)和突破等方面進行展望，也期待我國早日從超高層建筑的大國成為超高層建筑的強國。
［關鍵詞］超高層建筑結構； 結構抗側力體系； 結構抗風； 性能化抗震設計； 消能減震； 結構分析與試驗
中圖分類號：TU318文獻標識碼：A文章編號：1002-848X(2019)19-0011-14
Development and prosperity of structural design of super tall buildings in China
Wang Dasui， Bao Lianjin
(East China Architectural Design & Research Institute, Shanghai 200002, China)
Abstract:In the past 40 years of reform and opening, China has been under the rapid development of domestic economy and the acceleration of urbanization which promote the springing out of high-rise buildings and super tall buildings. China has become the center of development of super tall buildings around the world, reaching the advanced level globally in this field. In the sequence of decades, a review of the development of high-rise buildings in China was briefly presented, involving the origin of high-rise buildings in between 1920s and 1930s, the partial development in 1970s and 1980s and the leaping development after the reform and opening. Next, the new development of super tall structural design in past 20 years was emphasized: structural system with higher efficiency, ductility and buildability derived from ascending elevation and comprehensive functions of buildings; wind resistance methods and various damping practices adopted; performance-based seismic design and wide application of energy dissipation. The feasibility of design of super tall buildings were verified by the accurate computing and analysis methods, and some principle issues which influence overall structural economy are remained for future discussion. A huge amount of experiments and specific technological researches introduce evidences to innovation of structural design and improve the crucial technologies at the same time. Finally, based on the current situation of development of super tall buildings, questions remained and challenges confronted, there is outlook on future development of super tall structural design including researches on several key technologies, breakthroughs and so on. As a nation with a large quantity of super tall buildings, expectation is also high for China to turn into a nation with higher quality of super tall buildings early.
Keywords:super tall building structure; lateral force resisting system; wind resist; performance-based seismic design; energy dissipation; structural analysis and experiment
作者簡介：汪大綏，全國工程勘察設計大師，教授級高級工程師，Email:dasui_wang@ecadi.com。
