開洞矩形截面超高層建筑局部風壓風洞試驗研究
全涌1，嚴志威1，溫川陽2，方鴻強3，顧明1
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（1 同濟大學土木工程防災國家重點實驗室，上海 200092；2 浙江華峰房地產開發(fā)有限公司，杭州 310013； 3 中國漢嘉設計集團股份有限公司，杭州 310005）［摘要］基于一棟立面上有多個開洞的矩形截面超高層建筑的剛性模型表面壓力測量風洞試驗結果，分析了矩形截面超高層建筑在長邊立面上不同開洞工況下建筑各表面平均風壓系數和最不利風壓系數的變化規(guī)律。試驗結果表明：當建筑長邊迎風時，開洞使得背風面洞口附近的平均風壓系數絕對值增大，但迎風面上的平均風壓系數變化很??；當建筑短邊迎風時，開洞對洞口附近的平均風壓系數和最不利正風壓系數均只有微弱影響，但對其最不利負風壓系數卻有很大影響，特別是中部開洞，將使其周圍的最不利負風壓系數增大一倍以上；開洞對短邊立面上的最不利風壓系數不產生明顯的影響。為有結構開洞的高層建筑洞口附近的圍護結構設計提供了參考數據。［關鍵詞］立面開洞；高層建筑；風洞試驗；風壓系數中圖分類號：TU937.213文獻標識碼：A文章編號：1002-848X(2011)04-0113-04Wind tunnel test study on local wind pressure of rectangular super high-rise building with openingsQuan Yong1, Yan Zhiwei1, Wen Chuanyang2, Fang Hongqiang3, Gu Ming1 (1 State Key Laboratory for Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; 2 Zhejiang Huafeng Real Estate Development Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310013, China; 3 Chinese Han Jia Design Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310005, China)Abstract:Based on the wind pressure measurement wind tunnel test results of a real rectangular super high-rise building with some openings on its facades, the effects of the openings on the long facade on the mean and the most unfavorable wind pressure coefficients on each facade were studied. The results indicate that when the long facade faces to the wind, the openings can increase the absolute value of the mean wind pressure coefficients on the leeward facades near the openings while those on windward facade were changed little. When the short facade faces to the wind, the openings have little effects on the mean and the most unfavorable positive wind pressure coefficients near the openings while strong effects on the most unfavorable negative wind pressure coefficients. The middle opening can increase the most unfavorable negative wind pressure coefficients more than one time. The openings have little effects on the wind pressure on the short facades. Those conclusions afford a useful reference for wind loads on components and cladding of high-rise buildings with openings.Keywords:openings on facade; high-rise building; wind tunnel test; wind pressure coefficients*上海市浦江人才計劃（08PJ14095），國家自然科學基金面上項目（50878159），國家自然科學基金創(chuàng)新研究群體科學基金（50621062），國家自然科學基金重大研究計劃重點項目（90715040）。作者簡介：全涌,博士,副教授，Email: quanyong@#edu.cn。參考文獻［1］LIANG S, LIU S, ZHANG L, et al. Mathematical model of torsional dynamic loads on rectangular tall buildings［J］ Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2002, 90 (12): 1757-1770.［2］LIANG S G, LI Q S, LIU S C, et al. Torsional dynamic wind load on rectangular tall buildings［J］ . Engineering Structures,2004,26 (1):129-137.［3］KAREEM A. Measurements of pressure and force fields on building models in simulated atmospheric flows［J］. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,1990,36:589-599.［4］顧明，葉豐，張建國, 典型超高層建筑風荷載幅值特性研究［J］. 建筑結構學報,2006,27(1):24-29.［5］AIJ recommendations for loads on buildings［S］. Tokyo:AIJ, 2004.［6］ASCE/SEI 7.05 Minimum design loads for buildings and other structures［S］. New York:ASCE, 2006.［7］Eurocode 1: Actions on structures Part 1-4: General actions-wind actions. prEN 1991-1-4-6［S］. Brussels: CEN,2004.［8］王春剛，張耀春，秦云. 巨型高層開洞建筑剛性模型風洞試驗研究［J］. 哈爾濱工業(yè)大學學報， 2004，36（11）：1431-1434.［9］黃鵬，顧明. 風洞中模擬大氣邊界層流場的方法研究［J］. 同濟大學學報， 1999, 27（2）：136-140.［10］DAVENPORT A G. Gust loading factors［J］. Journal of Structural Division, 1967, 93(ST3):11-34.
