- 摘 要
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（濟(jì)南軌道交通集團(tuán)有限公司， 濟(jì)南 250101）
［摘要］錨索預(yù)應(yīng)力蠕變損失持續(xù)時(shí)間長、作用機(jī)理復(fù)雜、影響因素多樣，給錨固工程長期預(yù)應(yīng)力的維持帶來極大的挑戰(zhàn)；為了推進(jìn)錨索預(yù)應(yīng)力蠕變損失變化規(guī)律的研究，基于等效應(yīng)變原理，并考慮其自身松弛特性，將預(yù)應(yīng)力錨索及被錨固圍巖分別由松弛模型、廣義開爾文體模型模擬，提出了一種可描述預(yù)應(yīng)力損失與圍巖蠕變之間相互作用關(guān)系的新元件耦合模型，并推導(dǎo)了其本構(gòu)方程、蠕變方程、松弛方程，從理論上解釋了預(yù)應(yīng)力損失與圍巖蠕變之間的計(jì)算關(guān)系；以濟(jì)南市山東高速廣場配套高層深基坑工程樁錨支護(hù)體系為依托，通過理論計(jì)算、現(xiàn)場測試、公式擬合等方法，深入分析了錨索長期預(yù)應(yīng)力變化規(guī)律，驗(yàn)證了計(jì)算模型的適用性、可靠性；研究表明：該計(jì)算模型可較好地反映圍巖蠕變對預(yù)應(yīng)力損失的變化趨勢，但不能體現(xiàn)預(yù)應(yīng)力損失總體變化水平；圍巖蠕變引起預(yù)應(yīng)力水平變化大致歷經(jīng)三個(gè)階段，即初期（0～10d）迅速減小，中期（10～20d）趨于平穩(wěn)變化，后期（20～60d）保持基本不變；圍巖蠕變對預(yù)應(yīng)力總損失的貢獻(xiàn)率僅為50％，是預(yù)應(yīng)力設(shè)計(jì)水平的15％，因此，其他因素引起的損失同樣不可忽略；研究成果為錨固工程的設(shè)計(jì)、施工及長期預(yù)應(yīng)力的預(yù)測提供了理論依據(jù)和技術(shù)支持。
［關(guān)鍵詞］錨索結(jié)構(gòu)； 預(yù)應(yīng)力損失； 圍巖蠕變； 耦合效應(yīng)； 松弛特性； 工程應(yīng)用
中圖分類號：TU470文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼：A文章編號：1002-848X(2018)15-0110-05
Research and application of a new coupled model of anchor prestress loss and rock creep
Wang Guofu, Li Qiang, Lu Linhai, Cao Zhenglong
(Jinan Rail Transit Group Co., Ltd., Jinan 250101, China)
Abstract:Because of long duration, complex mechanisms, diverse factors, anchor prestress creep loss brought a great challenge to maintaining a long-term prestress level of anchor. In order to further study the creep loss variation rule of anchors prestress, based on the principle of equivalent strain while taking the inherent properties of the material itself into consideration simultaneously, the anchor and rock were respectively simulated by the relaxation model and general Kelvin, so a new creep calculated model which could better describe the relationship between prestress loss and rock creep, was proposed. And its constitutive equations, creep equation, relaxation equation were deduced, which could theoretically explain the relationship of prestress loss and rock creep deformation. Taking a deep foundation pile\|anchor supporting system of Shandong Expressway Plaza in Jinan City as an example, creep loss variation laws were analyzed by theoretical calculations, field testing, formulas fitting method. Results show that: the new model can well reflect the variation law of prestress loss caused by rock creep, but does not embody the change of total prestress loss. Prestress loss caused by rock creep mainly experiences three periods of initial rapidly decrease during 0～10d, medium stabilized changes during 10～30d, late basically unchanged during 30～60d. Contribution rate of rock creep to prestress total loss is nearly 50%, and it occupies about 15% of the designed prestress level, comparatively, the presstress of other element could usually be not ignored. It provided a theoretical basis and technical support for the design and construction of similar projects
.Keywords:anchor structure; prestress loss; creep of rock and soil; relaxation property; engineering application
*山東省自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目（ZR2014EEQ028,ZR2014EEM029)，住建部2015 年科技項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃（2015-K5-004)，山東省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目（2015GSF120017），山東省住建廳科技項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃（KY053)。
作者簡介：王國富，博士，教授級高級工程師，一級注冊土木工程師（巖土），Email:sucllh@126.com。
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