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（1 重慶文理學(xué)院建筑工程學(xué)院， 重慶 402160； 2 重慶大學(xué)土木工程學(xué)院， 重慶 400045； 3 山地城鎮(zhèn)建設(shè)與新技術(shù)教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室(重慶大學(xué))， 重慶 400045）

［摘要］為研究分片裝配式樓梯的受力性能及分片樓梯之間抗剪銷對(duì)其整體性能的影響，對(duì)3個(gè)足尺試件進(jìn)行樓體單元的靜力加載試驗(yàn)，包括半片樓梯單獨(dú)加載和雙片樓梯同時(shí)加載。介紹了樓梯構(gòu)造、試驗(yàn)裝置及加載方案；試驗(yàn)得到了樓梯的破壞模式、荷載-位移曲線、荷載-應(yīng)變曲線及受力特性。在此基礎(chǔ)上，采用ANSYS建立了非線性有限元模型，有限元計(jì)算結(jié)果與試驗(yàn)結(jié)果吻合良好。研究結(jié)果表明：荷載施加至樓梯正常使用極限狀態(tài)所要求的跨中撓度時(shí)，樓梯鋼筋均未屈服；半片樓梯加載時(shí)，所得承載力很接近雙片樓梯同時(shí)加載的承載力，且均為單片樓梯承載力的2倍。有限元分析結(jié)果表明：當(dāng)布置3根抗剪銷時(shí)，兩片樓梯撓度差很小，可忽略；當(dāng)兩端抗剪銷對(duì)稱布置在第5臺(tái)階（3-10）時(shí)，3根抗剪銷截面剪力分布較均勻，此種布置更合理；當(dāng)布置2根抗剪銷時(shí)，兩片樓梯撓度差受抗剪銷位置的影響較大，當(dāng)2根抗剪銷對(duì)稱布置在第6臺(tái)階(9-25)時(shí)更合理。

［關(guān)鍵詞］裝配式樓梯； 足尺試驗(yàn)； 靜力加載； 有限元分析； 抗剪銷

中圖分類號(hào)：TU375-4， TU317-1文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A文章編號(hào)：1002-848X(2018)07-0097-10

Experimental study and finite element analysis on sliced prefabricated staircases

Hu Hao1, Li Zhengliang2,3, Liu Hongjun2,3, Jiang Qingbo2,3

(1 School of Architectural Engineering, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China; 2 College of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China; 3 Key Laboratory of New Technology for  Construction of Cities in Mountain Area (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400045, China)

Abstract:To study the mechanical performance of the sliced prefabricated staircase and the influence on the whole performance of the staircase from shear pin, three full-scaled specimens were tested statically, including half and two staircases under loading．The staircase construction, test instrument and scheme were presented in detail, and through analyzing the test results, failure mode, load-displacement curve, load-strain curve and mechanical performance of the experimental staircases were obtained. On this basis, the nonlinear finite element models were established by  using ANSYS. The experimental results  are in good agreement  with the results of the finite element. The research indicates that the steel does not yield when the mid-span deflection of staircases under loading reaches the limit in serviceability limit state. The bearing capacity of half staircases is very close to whole staircases  under loading, which is twice as much as that of single one. The finite element analysis results show that the deflection difference between two stairs with three shear pins is very small, which can be ignored. The shear pins of ends arranged symmetrically in the fifth step of stairs(3-10)  are more reasonable as the shear of pins distributed more evenly. The shear pins arranged symmetrically in the sixth step of stairs (9-25) are more reasonable because the position of shear pins has great impact on deflection difference between stairs with two shear pins.

Keywords:prefabricated staircase; full-scale test; static loading; finite element analysis; shear pin

*國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(51278511)，重慶文理學(xué)院校級(jí)科技項(xiàng)目(2017RJJ31)。

作者簡(jiǎn)介：胡浩，博士，講師，Email：hhxkfy@126.com。