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（1 湖南大學(xué)土木工程學(xué)院， 長(zhǎng)沙 410082； 2 香港城市大學(xué)建筑學(xué)與土木工程學(xué)系， 香港 999077; 3 長(zhǎng)沙理工大學(xué)土木與建筑學(xué)院， 長(zhǎng)沙 410082； 4 北京市建筑設(shè)計(jì)研究院有限公司，  北京 100045； 5 珠海華發(fā)城市運(yùn)營(yíng)投資控股有限公司， 珠海 519030）

［摘要］以珠海華發(fā)藝術(shù)館初步設(shè)計(jì)方案為工程背景，選取最高的5號(hào)生態(tài)樹作為研究對(duì)象，基于測(cè)壓試驗(yàn)獲得的風(fēng)壓時(shí)程，對(duì)生態(tài)樹樹冠部分的風(fēng)荷載特性進(jìn)行了研究。分析了網(wǎng)殼表面的風(fēng)壓分布情況以及測(cè)點(diǎn)風(fēng)壓時(shí)程的非高斯特性，結(jié)果表明，網(wǎng)殼表面整體表現(xiàn)為向上的升力作用，且在背風(fēng)區(qū)域出現(xiàn)較明顯的沿順風(fēng)向?qū)ΨQ分布的負(fù)壓區(qū)域；迎風(fēng)面區(qū)域風(fēng)壓呈現(xiàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)高斯特性，背風(fēng)面部分區(qū)域風(fēng)壓出現(xiàn)非高斯特性，且為正偏態(tài)。并對(duì)生態(tài)樹測(cè)點(diǎn)風(fēng)壓的頻譜特性進(jìn)行了研究，結(jié)果顯示，網(wǎng)殼結(jié)構(gòu)迎風(fēng)邊緣以及網(wǎng)殼中部區(qū)域有較大的脈動(dòng)能量且頻譜成分較為豐富，而橫向邊緣及尾流區(qū)域脈動(dòng)程度相對(duì)較??；網(wǎng)殼迎風(fēng)表面上、下測(cè)點(diǎn)相關(guān)性表現(xiàn)為正相關(guān)，迎風(fēng)區(qū)域上、下表面的測(cè)點(diǎn)相關(guān)性大于背風(fēng)區(qū)域上、下表面測(cè)點(diǎn)的相關(guān)性。

［關(guān)鍵詞］樹狀結(jié)構(gòu)； 凱威特網(wǎng)殼； 風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)； 風(fēng)荷載； 頻譜特性

中圖分類號(hào)：TU242-2， TU973+.32文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A文章編號(hào)：1002-848X(2018)06-0092-05

Study on wind loads of tree crowns of complex tree-shaped structures 

Qi Peng1, Li Qiusheng1,2, Chen Fubin3, Wang Zhe4, Li Dan5

(1 College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; 2 Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; 3 College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410082, China; 4 Beijing Institute of Architectural Design, Beijing 100045, China; 5 Zhuhai Huafa Urban Operations & Investment Holdings Co., Ltd., Zhuhai 519030, China)

Abstract:Taking the preliminary design scheme of  Huafa Art Museum in Zhuhai as engineering background and the No. 5 ecological tree (highest one) as the research object, the study on wind loads characteristics of the ecological tree crown was conducted by using wind pressure time-history recorded in wind tunnel test. The wind pressure distribution on the shell surface and the non-Gaussian characteristics were analyzed. The results show that the overall performance of the wind pressures on the shell surface performs as the lift force, and the negative pressure region which distributes symmetrically along the wind direction is significant in the leeward region. The wind  pressure in the windward region shows a standard Gauss behavior, while that in partial leeward region wind presents an obvious non-Gaussian behavior with positive skewness. The spectral characteristic of the wind pressure on measured points of the ecological tree was studied. The results show that there has a large pulse energy and rich frequency spectrum composition at the windward edge and central area on shell surface. The fluctuating degree of horizontal edge and wake area is relatively small. The correlation of upper and lower measured points is positive overall, while those at the windward edge is greater than those at leeward area. 

Keywords:tree-shaped structure; Kiewitt reticulated shell; wind tunnel test; wind load; spectral characteristic

*國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目（51408062，51478405）,湖南省創(chuàng)新平臺(tái)與人才計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目（2015RS4050）,中國(guó)博士后基金（2015M572238）。

作者簡(jiǎn)介：齊鵬，碩士，Email：qip13@hnu.edu.cn。