- 摘 要
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（1 奧雅納工程顧問， 上海 200031； 2 Ove Arup & Partners International Limited， London）
［摘要］風(fēng)荷載是高層建筑圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計的主要控制荷載。中國《建筑結(jié)構(gòu)荷載規(guī)范》（GB 50009—2012）給出了單體矩形截面高層建筑圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計風(fēng)荷載，其中迎風(fēng)面正壓與分離區(qū)負(fù)壓都隨著建筑高度的增大而增大，這與近地面鈍體結(jié)流的機(jī)理不符。通過與歐洲規(guī)范EN 1991-1-4、美國規(guī)范ASCE 7-10、澳大利亞/新西蘭規(guī)范AS/NZS 1170-2∶2011、加拿大規(guī)范NBC 2005、日本規(guī)范AIJ 2004等主要國外規(guī)范進(jìn)行比較，發(fā)現(xiàn)主要國外規(guī)范僅給出了極值負(fù)壓的最大值，而沒有給出極值負(fù)壓的分布。接著基于某項目風(fēng)洞試驗與中國規(guī)范GB 50009—2012的比較，發(fā)現(xiàn)高層建筑極值負(fù)壓最大值一般發(fā)生在建筑中下部區(qū)域，并指出當(dāng)前工程上采用的中國規(guī)范GB 50009—2012與風(fēng)洞試驗包絡(luò)設(shè)計方法是不經(jīng)濟(jì)的。最后基于奧雅納多年的風(fēng)工程應(yīng)用經(jīng)驗，對幕墻結(jié)構(gòu)風(fēng)荷載取值給出了一些建議，并特別強(qiáng)調(diào)風(fēng)洞試驗報告只有經(jīng)獨立于風(fēng)洞試驗單位的風(fēng)專家審核后才可用于實際工程設(shè)計。
［關(guān)鍵詞］極值負(fù)壓； 峰值因子； 幕墻風(fēng)荷載； 風(fēng)洞試驗報告
中圖分類號：TU973-14, TU973-32文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼：A文章編號：1002-848X(2017)14-0094-06
Wind pressure regulation comparison and engineering application of high-rise building envelope structure
Zhang Zhengwei1, Alex To 2, Andrew Allsop2, Zou Zhi1
(1 Arup, Shanghai 200031, China; 2 Ove Arup & Partners International Limited, London, U.K.)
Abstract:Wind load is the main controlling load of high-rise building envelope design. The design wind load on envelope structure of high-rise building with rectangular cross-section was given in China′s Load code for the design of building structures (GB 50009—2012), and the positive pressure of the windward side and the negative pressure of the separation area increase with the building height, which is inconsistent with the mechanism of near-surface atmospheric boundary layer separation. Compared with major international codes such as European Standard EN 1991-1-4, American Standard ASCE 7-10, Australian / New Zealand Code AS/NZS 1170-2∶2011, Canadian Standard NBC 2005 and Japanese Standard AIJ 2004, it is found the major international codes just provide the maximum value of the peak negative pressure while the distribution of peak negative pressure along height is not provided. Then based on the comparison of wind tunnel test reports and load codes calculation values, it is found that the zones of maximum value of peak negative pressure in high-rise buildings usually are in the middle and lower areas of buildings and it′s pointed out that it is uneconomical to adopt envelope design method of wind tunnel test and load code for the current engineering application. Finally, based on ARUP′s application experience of wind engineering for years, some suggestions on high-rise building envelope design were given and it especially emphasized that the wind tunnel test report can be used in practical engineering design only if it was reviewed and confirmed by the independent wind experts who were not from the wind tunnel labs.
Keywords:peak negative pressure; peak factor; wind load on curtain wall; wind tunnel test report
作者簡介：張正維，博士，高級工程師，Email：zheng-wei.zhang@arup.com。
