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（同濟(jì)大學(xué)土木工程防災(zāi)國家級(jí)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室， 上海 200092）

［摘要］干煤棚結(jié)構(gòu)一般采用輕質(zhì)屋面體系，是一種典型的風(fēng)敏感結(jié)構(gòu)。因此，風(fēng)荷載是控制結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的主要側(cè)向荷載之一，是進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)不可忽視的問題。本文對(duì)兩個(gè)矢跨比相同而分別在端截面采用開口形式和采用半球形網(wǎng)殼封閉形式的干煤棚（柱面和球面網(wǎng)殼組合式干煤棚）進(jìn)行了剛性模型風(fēng)洞測壓試驗(yàn)，對(duì)干煤棚結(jié)構(gòu)表面的平均風(fēng)壓的分布特征、極值風(fēng)壓系數(shù)隨風(fēng)向角的變化以及周邊的干擾效應(yīng)進(jìn)行了研究。同時(shí)，就端部開口及端部封閉對(duì)風(fēng)荷載分布的影響進(jìn)行了比較和分析。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，端部半球形封閉使得干煤棚整體結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)接過渡自然，表面不存在尖銳棱角，不會(huì)出現(xiàn)大的旋渦脫落，可有效減小干煤棚邊緣處20%~40%的平均風(fēng)荷載，其結(jié)果可以供設(shè)計(jì)同類工程修建或擴(kuò)建時(shí)參考。

［關(guān)鍵詞］干煤棚； 風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)； 網(wǎng)殼結(jié)構(gòu)； 風(fēng)壓系數(shù)； 端截面

中圖分類號(hào)： TU352 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼： A文章編號(hào)：  1002-848X(2016)S1-0963-06

Experimental study of wind loads on open-end and closed-end dry coal shed structures

Zhong Qi, Lan Zhikun, Huang Peng, Gu Ming

(State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China)

Abstract: Dry coal shed is typical wind-sensitive structure because of the light-weight roof.Wind load is one of the control loads of dry coal shed, and can’t be ignored in structure design. Based on the rigid wind tunnel tests of two kinds of dry coal sheds, whose rise-span-ratiosare samewhile withdifferent end section (one is open, and the other one uses the combination of hemispherical reticulated and cylindrical shell).The distribution characteristics ofthe mean wind pressure coefficients and variation of the extreme wind pressure coefficient with wind direction angleson dry coal sheds arestudied. The interference effects of the surrounding structures are also considered. In the meantime, the influence of coal shed open-end and closed-end to the wind load distributionisdiscussed. It is found that the hemispherical shape makestransition nature, and there is no sharp edge on the surface, so wind loads are smaller. The closed-end design effectivelyreducesof the average windpressure coefficients by 20% to 40%. By data analysis, the experiment results can be used for dry coal shedexpanding or similar projects.

Keywords：coalshed structure; wind tunnel test; network shell structure; windpressure coefficient; endsection