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(北京市建筑設(shè)計(jì)研究院，北京 100045)

［摘要］砌體結(jié)構(gòu)在歷次地震中破壞最多，造成人員傷亡也最大。根據(jù)我國(guó)現(xiàn)狀，短期內(nèi)還不可能淘汰砌體材料，更何況新型砌體材料還將有所發(fā)展。因此必須尋找防止砌體結(jié)構(gòu)在大地震時(shí)破壞或倒塌的有效措施，以減輕財(cái)產(chǎn)損失和人員傷亡。從唐山地震后的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)中得到設(shè)置構(gòu)造柱等可以減輕砌體房屋的倒塌，通過(guò)四川汶川地震災(zāi)害總結(jié)看出這些措施還不夠，還需要進(jìn)一步完善和加強(qiáng)。建議在砌體結(jié)構(gòu)中增加各種形式的配筋，以提高砌體房屋的抗震性能。

［關(guān)鍵詞］砌體結(jié)構(gòu)；構(gòu)造柱；配筋砌體；抗震

Reinforcement is the solution for the earthquake resistance of masonry structure

Zhou Bingzhang(Beijing Institute of Architectural Design, Beijing 100045, China)

Abstract:Masonry structure experienced the most severe damage in earthquakes and causes the most casualties. According to the current condition of China, masonry materials will not be eliminated soon, and new masonry materials will be developed. The effective measures must be found to avoid the damage and collapse of masonry structure in severe earthquake in order to reduce the economic losses and casualties. The lessons from the Tangshan Earthquake show that tie columns can reduce the collapse of masonry structure. And the Wenchuan Earthquake indicates that the measures are not adequate and further improvement is necessary. A variety of reinforcement for masonry structure is suggested to enhance earthquake resistance of the structure.

Keywords:masonry structure; tie column; reinforced masonry; earthquake resistance

作者簡(jiǎn)介：周炳章，教授級(jí)高級(jí)工程師，Email：xiaonan_002@163.com。