自平衡試驗測試樁基豎向承載力現狀分析*
黃顯彬1,2,3，侯松1,2，蒲鴻1，王朝令1，2
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（1 四川農業(yè)大學土木工程學院， 都江堰 611830； 2 村鎮(zhèn)建設防災減災四川省高等學校工程研究中心， 都江堰 611830； 3 四川省建筑設計院， 成都 610017)
［摘要］通過自平衡試驗，統(tǒng)計分析大量歷史文獻，研究表明：在現有技術情況下，若選擇大噸位及超長樁基作為試驗樁，傳統(tǒng)堆載和錨樁提供反力的靜載試驗難以測定樁基的豎向承載力，而在可靠的試驗條件下，理論和實踐均表明自平衡試驗具有優(yōu)越性，值得推廣；但若選擇工程樁作為試驗樁，目前因自平衡試驗存在平衡點位置問題、斷樁問題、組合千斤頂問題等仍沒有從理論上和實踐上得到完善，工程樁靜載試驗要慎用或不用自平衡試驗，應選擇其他穩(wěn)定可靠的方法。［關鍵詞］平衡點; 斷樁; 組合千斤頂; 豎向承載力; 自平衡試驗; 現狀分析中圖分類號：TU352.1 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1002-848X(2015)21-0079-06
Current situation analysis on vertical bearing capacity of pile foundation measured by self-balanced testHuang Xianbin1,2,3, Hou Song 1,2, Pu Hong1, Wang Zhaoling1,2（1 College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Dujiangyan 611830, China; 2 Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Dujiangyan 611830, China; 3 Architectural Design Institute of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610017, China）Abstract: Through the self-balanced test and the statistical analysis of a large number of historical documents, study shows that under the condition of existingtechnology, it is difficult to determine vertical bearing capacity of the pile foundation through static load test in which traditional stack and anchor piles provide reversed forces, if the large tonnage and super-long pile foundation is selected as test pile. Under reliable experimental conditions, self-balanced test has an advantage, which is approved in both of theory and practice and is worth of promoting. However, when engineering pile is chosen as the test pile, considering that the current self-balanced test has problems in equilibrium, broken pile and combined-jack which are still need to be perfected in theory and in practice at present, the static load test with engineering pile should be used with caution and self-balanced test can be excluded, while other stabilized and reliable methods can be adopted.Keywords: equilibrium; broken pile; composite jack; vertical bearing capacity; self-balanced test; current situation analysis
*村鎮(zhèn)建設防災減災四川省高等學校工程研究中心資助項目（CDPMV1403），國家自然科學基金青年科學基金項目（51508358）。作者簡介：黃顯彬，碩士生導師，副教授，Email:936846627@qq.com。
