某面粉廠房樓板的振動控制*
汪志昊，劉飛，吳澤玉，張闖
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(華北水利水電大學土木與交通學院， 鄭州 450045)
［摘要］某面粉廠制粉車間三、四層樓板分別安裝有打麩機、清粉機等設(shè)備，生產(chǎn)運行過程中豎向振感強烈。振動測試結(jié)果表明：三、四層樓板均為機器設(shè)備引發(fā)的強迫振動。根據(jù)樓板豎向固有頻率與設(shè)備擾動頻率的比值β，提出了兩種不同的減振方案：當β>1時（四層樓板），采用加固樓板、次梁的辦法來增強樓板體系的剛度，即通過增加剛度的方法使樓板的固有頻率進一步增大，從而減小樓板振動；當β≤1時（三層樓板），采用在樓板上安裝調(diào)諧質(zhì)量阻尼器（TMD）使得振動能量轉(zhuǎn)移到TMD，即通過改變樓板體系的阻尼比來減小樓板振動。最后提出了一種便于嵌入樓板內(nèi)部的豎向電渦流阻尼TMD裝置的設(shè)計方法，并研制出豎向TMD樣機，性能測試結(jié)果表明：該TMD參數(shù)靈活可調(diào)、耐久性高，在樓板減振領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用前景廣闊。［關(guān)鍵詞］面粉廠; 樓板振動; 結(jié)構(gòu)振動控制; 調(diào)諧質(zhì)量阻尼器; 電渦流阻尼中圖分類號：TU311.3 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1002-848X(2015)19-0032-05
Vibration control of floor for a flour mill buildingWang Zhihao, Liu Fei, Wu Zeyu, Zhang Chuang(School of Civil Engineering and Communication, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China)Abstract: Wheat bran finishers and flour purifiers are respectively installed on the third and fourth floor of a workshop in a flour mill, and strong vertical vibrations of the floors were observed during the production operation. Vibration tests show that vibrations on the third and fourth floor are typical forced vibrations caused by machinery equipments. According to the ratio β between vertical natural frequency of the floor and disturbance frequency of the machinery equipment, two different vibration absorptions were presented. When β>1, in the case of the fourth floor, the rigidity of the floor slab was strengthened by strengthening floor slab and secondary beam, which can make the natural frequency of the floor further increase by changing the stiffness, thereby reducing the vibration of the floor. When β≤1, in the case of the third floor, tuned mass dampers (TMD) on the top of the floor were installed to let the vibration energy transfer to TMD to reduce the floor vibration by changing the damping ratio of the floor system. A vertical eddy current damping TMD that can install in the interior of floors was presented and developed. The performance test results on the prototype of the developed TMD show that the TMD parameters can be easily adjusted with high feasibility and durability. Hence, it is quite promising for vibration reduction control of floors.Keywords: flour mill; floor vibration; structural vibration control; tuned mass damper; eddy current damping
*國家自然科學基金資助項目(51308214)，華北水利水電大學青年科技創(chuàng)新人才項目（201427）。作者簡介：汪志昊，博士，副教授，Email：wangzhihao916@126.com。
