2014年“威馬遜”超強(qiáng)臺(tái)風(fēng)作用下建筑結(jié)構(gòu)災(zāi)損調(diào)查與分析: 砌體結(jié)構(gòu)
周華1,2,3，韓琴1,2，花立春3，羅海燕1,2,楊安泰3
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（1 雅克設(shè)計(jì)有限公司，海口 570125； 2 海南周華結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)咨詢有限公司，?？?570208；3 海南大學(xué)，?？?570228）
［摘要］砌體結(jié)構(gòu)在“威馬遜”超強(qiáng)臺(tái)風(fēng)中受到最為普遍和嚴(yán)重的損壞。針對(duì)翁田鎮(zhèn)兩個(gè)自然村莊農(nóng)民的砌體結(jié)構(gòu)住房和部分海邊養(yǎng)蝦場的砌體結(jié)構(gòu)房屋進(jìn)行災(zāi)損描述、比較和分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)采用混凝土屋面的砌體結(jié)構(gòu)房屋災(zāi)后基本完好，不需修復(fù)就可繼續(xù)使用；采用輕型屋面的砌體結(jié)構(gòu)房屋，屋面普遍受到嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞；砌體結(jié)構(gòu)房屋墻體的損壞主要是由墻體自身的質(zhì)量缺陷引起的。改進(jìn)砌體結(jié)構(gòu)房屋抵抗超強(qiáng)臺(tái)風(fēng)性能的主要建議措施包括：采用混凝土屋面；對(duì)于木檁條加黏土瓦屋面，用壓條、自攻螺釘和水泥砂漿連接和固定瓦塊。［關(guān)鍵詞］“威馬遜”超強(qiáng)臺(tái)風(fēng); 砌體結(jié)構(gòu); 災(zāi)損中圖分類號(hào)：TU392.5 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A 文章編號(hào)：1002-848X(2016)03-0100-06
Reconnaissance and analysis of damages of building structures caused by super typhoon Rammasun in 2014: masonry structuresZhou Hua1,2,3, Han Qin1,2, Hua Lichun3, Luo Haiyan1,2, Yang Antai3（1 APCE Design Co., Ltd., Haikou 570125, China; 2 Hainan Zhou Hua's Structural Design and Consulting Co., Ltd., Haikou 570208, China; 3 Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China）Abstract:Masonry structures were most widely and severely damaged by super typhoon Rammasun. Damage reconnaissance, comparison and analysis of the masonry structure buildings in two villages and a few seaside shrimp farms in Wengtian Town. The main findings are: masonry buildings with reinforced concrete roofs sustain little damages without need for post-typhoon repairing; masonry buildings with light roofs suffer from very severe damages in the roofs; damages in the bearing walls of masonry buildings are the result of poor quality of the walls. Two main suggested measures made to improve the typhoon-resistance performance of masonry structure buildings include: reinforced concrete roofs should be adopted; for the light roofs consisted of clay tiles and timber purlines, the clay tiles should be connected and fixed by timber sticks, self-tapping screws and cement mortar.Keywords:super typhoon Rammasun; masonry structure; typhoon damage
作者簡介：周華，博士，一級(jí)注冊(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)工程師，Email: zhouhua88@yahoo.com。
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