檐口形狀影響四坡低矮房屋屋面平均風壓分布規(guī)律的數值模擬研究*
戴益民，鄒思敏，劉也，雷靜敏，蔣榮正
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（湖南科技大學土木工程學院， 湘潭 411201）
［摘要］為探究典型檐口形狀對屋面風壓分布規(guī)律的影響，基于日本東京工藝大學風洞試驗數據，針對四坡低矮房屋采用ANSYS-CFD計算流體力學軟件的兩種湍流模型展開研究，驗證了RNGk ε湍流模型對四坡低矮房屋表面風壓研究的可靠性。利用此模型深入研究檐口不同外伸長度與出挑高度對四坡低矮房屋風壓影響規(guī)律。結果表明：檐口的外伸長度及出挑高度對屋面風壓影響明顯，當外伸長度不變時，隨出挑高度的增大，迎風面風吸力隨之增大；當出挑高度不變（出挑高度分別為0.5，1.0m）時，隨著外伸長度的增大，迎風面負風壓減??；外伸長度為1.5m、出挑高度為1.0m為最有利于房屋表面抗風設計；隨外伸長度增大，檐口各區(qū)域風壓減小，但設置檐口形狀2比檐口形狀1較有利于房屋表面抗風設計，結論可為臺風多發(fā)地區(qū)低矮民居設計提供建議。［關鍵詞］四坡低矮房屋; 數值模擬; 檐口; 屋面風壓中圖分類號：TU312+.1 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1002-848X(2015)13-0094-06
Numerical simulation research on the influence of cornice shape on mean wind-pressure distribution law of low-rise hip roofed buildingsDai Yimin, Zou Simin, Liu Ye, Lei Jingmin, Jiang Rongzheng(College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China)Abstract:Based on the data of wind tunnel test data from Tokyo Polytechnic University to explore the influence of typical cornice shapes on roof wind pressure distribution law, two kinds of turbulence models of computational fluid dynamics software ANSYS CFD were used to study the low-rise hip roofed building to verify the reliability of using RNGkεturbulence model for researching surface wind pressure of low-rise hip roofed buildings. The models were chosen to study the laws of influences of various cornice extended lengths and cantilever heights on wind pressure of low-rise hip roofed building in depth. The results show that cornice extended length and cantilever height have significant influences on roof wind pressure. If the extended length is unchanged, the windward side wind suction increases with the increase of the cantilever height. If the cantilever height is unchanged as 0.5m or 1.0m, the windward side negative wind pressure decreases with the increase of the cantilever height. It is optimum for building surface wind resistance design if the extended length reaches 1.5m and the cantilever height reaches 1.0m. The wind pressure in each area of cornice decreases with the increase of the extended length. The cornice shape 2 is better for building surface wind resistance design than cornice shape 1. The conclusion can provide suggestions for low-rise residential design in typhoon prone region.Keywords:low-rise hip roofed building; numerical simulation; cornice; roof wind pressure
*交通運輸部重大科技項目（2011318824140），廣西防災減災與結構安全重點實驗室開放課題（2013ZDK-06），湖南省教育廳（13K088）。作者簡介：戴益民，博士，副教授，Email：dymzzy@163.com。
