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周乾1，閆維明2
（1 故宮博物院， 北京 100009；2 北京工業(yè)大學(xué)工程抗震與結(jié)構(gòu)診治北京市重點實驗室， 北京 100124）
［摘要］故宮靈沼軒是一座砌體結(jié)構(gòu)與鋼結(jié)構(gòu)組合而成的文物建筑。為有效對其進行保護，建立結(jié)構(gòu)有限元模型，參照《建筑結(jié)構(gòu)荷載規(guī)范》（GB 50009—2012）相關(guān)規(guī)定，確定作用在結(jié)構(gòu)上的簡化風(fēng)荷載，并開展靜力分析，以研究結(jié)構(gòu)抗風(fēng)性能。分別考慮風(fēng)荷載從x向及y向作用于結(jié)構(gòu)，并考慮風(fēng)荷載重現(xiàn)期為R=50年及R=100年，研究了結(jié)構(gòu)的變形及內(nèi)力分布特點，討論了結(jié)構(gòu)受力薄弱部位，評價了結(jié)構(gòu)安全現(xiàn)狀。結(jié)果表明：x向或y向風(fēng)荷載作用下，靈沼軒砌體縱墻上部容易產(chǎn)生受拉破壞，在日常保養(yǎng)中應(yīng)加以重視，但鋼結(jié)構(gòu)部分則處于安全狀態(tài)；與x向風(fēng)荷載相比，y向風(fēng)荷載作用下，結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生的內(nèi)力和變形更大。此外，R=100年條件與R=50年條件相比，風(fēng)荷載無論作用于x向還是y向，結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)力或變形峰值增量不明顯。
［關(guān)鍵詞］靈沼軒； 風(fēng)荷載； 受力性能； 數(shù)值模擬； 文物建筑
中圖分類號： TU366.2 文獻標(biāo)識碼： A 文章編號： 1002-848X(2015)S2-0490-06
Wind-resistance performances of Lingzhao Veranda in the Forbidden City by simplified analysis
Zhou Qian1, Yan Weiming2
(1 Palace Museum, Beijing 100009, China; 2 Beijing Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Structural Retrofit, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China)
Abstract: Lingzhao Veranda in the Forbidden City is a historical building, which is composed of steel and masonry parts. To effectively protect the building, its finite element model was built, simplified wind loads based on Load code for the design of building structures (GB 50009—2012) was determined, and static analysis was carried out to study its wind-resistance performances. Wind loads were applied to the model considering the following cases: the loads were from x or y direction; interval period of the loads was R=50 years or R=100 years. By simulation, distortion and internal force distributions of the structure were obtained; its weaken locations were discussed, and safety status of the whole structure was evaluated. Results show that under wind loads of x or y direction, top of length way wall of the masonry part is easy to be damaged, which needs more attention during daily maintain works. However, For the steel part, it remains safety under wind loads. Distortion and internal force values of the structure tend to be larger under loads in y direction than those in x direction. Besides, compared to loads of interval period of R=50 years, the structure bears not much more forces under R=100 years condition, no matter the wind loads are from x or y direction.
Keywords: Lingzhao Veranda; wind load; bearing performance; simulation; historical building
作者簡介：周乾，博士后，副研究員，Email：qianzhou627@126.com。
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