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(華南理工大學(xué)建筑設(shè)計(jì)研究院，廣州 510641)
［摘要］2010年上海世博會(huì)中國(guó)館的國(guó)家館造型獨(dú)特，其底部架空，展區(qū)部分層疊出挑，呈四棱臺(tái)斗冠狀。屋面由混凝土筒體出挑34.75m，不但使得豎向質(zhì)量分布不均勻，還使得樓蓋的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量大，導(dǎo)致結(jié)構(gòu)的扭轉(zhuǎn)周期成為第一周期。介紹了國(guó)家館的結(jié)構(gòu)體系、結(jié)構(gòu)布置、結(jié)構(gòu)分析以及主要的構(gòu)造加強(qiáng)措施。利用樓、電梯間設(shè)置四個(gè)落地的混凝土筒體作為承重和抗側(cè)力結(jié)構(gòu)，利用建筑的倒梯形造型設(shè)置斜柱來支承樓蓋大跨度鋼梁，在確保結(jié)構(gòu)安全的前提下，最大限度地滿足了建筑使用功能的要求。分析了扭轉(zhuǎn)周期為第一自振周期對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)的影響以及底部挑空對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)豎向側(cè)向剛度分布的影響。詳細(xì)的計(jì)算分析及模擬振動(dòng)臺(tái)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,雖然扭轉(zhuǎn)周期為第一周期，但結(jié)構(gòu)的扭轉(zhuǎn)反應(yīng)并不嚴(yán)重，對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)的抗震性能影響不大,結(jié)構(gòu)具有良好的抗震性能，可達(dá)到預(yù)定的抗震性能目標(biāo)。
［關(guān)鍵詞］斜柱；組合梁；扭轉(zhuǎn)振型；側(cè)移剛度；抗震性能；豎向振動(dòng)；舒適度
Structural research and design for the China National Pavilion at the World Expo Shanghai
Fang Xiaodan, Wei Hong, Chen Fuxi, Xu Mingxin, Zhou Hanxiang(Architectural Design and Research Institute South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China)
Abstract:The style of the China National Pavilion at the World Expo Shanghai 2010 is unique. It is a fly-over structure like an inverse quadrangular frustum pyramid crown, which is with spreading layer upon layer at the exhibition hall. As the roof extends 34.75m from the concrete tube, the vertical mass distribution is not regular, the floor inertia moment is great, and the first period of the structure is a torsional period. It introduces the structural system, disposal, analysis and the primary construction measures of the China National Pavilion. 4 grounded concrete tubes which hold the staircases and elevator halls are used as the vertical and horizontal load resisting structure. The slant columns are set utilizing the inverse trapezoidal shape of the building to support the large-span steel girder of the floor. In the premise of ensuring the structure safety, the building service function is best satisfied. The influence of the fly-over style and which the first period is a torsional period to the structure are analyzed. The results of the detailed calculation analysis and shaking-table test show that although the first period is a torsional period, the structure torsional reaction is not so large, and the influence to the structural earthquake-resistant capability is small. Therefore, the earthquake-resistant capability of the structure is good and the expected earthquake-resistant capability goal can be achieved.
Keywords:slant column；composite beam；torsion mode；lateral stiffness；aseismic capability；vertical vibration；comfortableness
作者簡(jiǎn)介：
方小丹(1951-)，男，一級(jí)注冊(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)工程師，注冊(cè)土木工程師(巖土)，教授級(jí)高級(jí)工程師，Email: xdfang@scut.edu.cn。
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