既有建筑可靠性鑒定實踐理念與風(fēng)險防范
林建京，鄭翔，鄭通城
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（福建省建筑科學(xué)研究院， 福州 350025）［摘要］結(jié)合相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及工程實踐對既有建筑可靠性鑒定問題進行了論述，認(rèn)為需要可靠性鑒定的情形可歸納為是否滿足“四個正常”，并由此針對性地確定鑒定內(nèi)容；目標(biāo)使用年限可理解為“經(jīng)濟合理的年限”；新、舊結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件可靠指標(biāo)一致是結(jié)構(gòu)分析時應(yīng)采用現(xiàn)行設(shè)計規(guī)范的原因；鑒定的首要工作是取得“足以判斷”的現(xiàn)場數(shù)據(jù)；整體性與匹配性是子單元和鑒定單元不可或缺的評定內(nèi)容。最后分析了鑒定工作的風(fēng)險來源并提出了防范建議。［關(guān)鍵詞］既有建筑; 可靠性鑒定; 工程實踐理念; 風(fēng)險防范中圖分類號：TV698.2+1 文獻標(biāo)識碼：A 文章編號：1002-848X(2015)09-0007-04Practical concept and risk prevention of reliability appraisal for existing buildingLin Jianjing, Zheng Xiang, Zheng Tongcheng(Fujian Academy of Building Research, Fuzhou 350025, China)Abstract:Combined with relevant standards and engineering practices, some issues about reliability appraisal for existing building were demonstrated. Situations for reliability appraisal can be summarized as whether they meet the “four normal” or not, and then the appraisal contents were determined accordingly. Target working life should be regarded as “economic and reasonable life”. The reason for using the current design specifications in structural analysis is that reliability indices for old and new structural members are in good consistent. The principal work of appraisal is to obtain the field data which is “enough to judge”. Integrity and matching for sub-unit and appraisal unit are indispensable parts of assessment contents. Finally, risk sources of appraisal work were analyzed, and risk prevention advices were also put forward.Keywords: existing building; reliability appraisal; engineering practical concept; risk prevention作者簡介：林建京，教授級高級工程師，一級注冊結(jié)構(gòu)工程師，Email：Ljj@fjjky.com。參考文獻［1］GB 50153—2008工程結(jié)構(gòu)可靠性設(shè)計統(tǒng)一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)［S］.北京：中國建筑工業(yè)出版社，2008.［2］GB 50144—2008工業(yè)建筑可靠性鑒定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)［S］.北京：中國計劃出版社，2009.［3］GB 50292—1999民用建筑可靠性鑒定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)［S］.北京：中國建筑工業(yè)出版社，1999.［4］GB 50023—2009建筑抗震鑒定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)［S］.北京：中國建筑工業(yè)出版社，2009.［5］DG/TJ 08-804—2005既有建筑物結(jié)構(gòu)檢測與評定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)［S］.上海：2005.［6］GB 50009—2012建筑結(jié)構(gòu)荷載規(guī)范［S］.北京：中國建筑工業(yè)出版社，2012.［7］林建京.既有現(xiàn)澆鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)中梁抗彎承載能力鑒定的探討［J］.福建建筑，2009，137（11）：55-56.
