多層砌體房屋抗震鑒定方法的改進(jìn)
程紹革，史鐵花，陸加國
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(中國建筑科學(xué)研究院工程抗震研究所， 北京 100013)［摘要］近年來，對考慮后續(xù)使用年限來確定抗震鑒定設(shè)防標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的研究進(jìn)行了不少，這些研究成果已被納入現(xiàn)行國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)《建筑抗震鑒定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（GB 50023—2009）中，體現(xiàn)在可根據(jù)不同的后續(xù)使用年限對地震作用進(jìn)行折減、抗震構(gòu)造要求也可適當(dāng)放松。對抗震鑒定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中多層砌體房屋抗震鑒定時的抗震墻基準(zhǔn)面積率沿革進(jìn)行了總結(jié)，對各個版本抗震鑒定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中地震作用折減系數(shù)特別是現(xiàn)行《建筑抗震鑒定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（GB 50023—2009）中不同鑒定方法的地震作用折減系數(shù)進(jìn)行了對比，并結(jié)合算例分析，提出了存在的一些問題及改進(jìn)建議。討論了多層砌塊類房屋的抗震橫墻間距限值、房屋寬度限值以及按綜合抗震能力指數(shù)進(jìn)行抗震鑒定時存在的問題，推導(dǎo)出了相應(yīng)的計(jì)算公式，并給出了進(jìn)一步的研究建議，為下次抗震鑒定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的修訂提供了參考。［關(guān)鍵詞］多層砌體房屋; 抗震鑒定; 綜合抗震能力指數(shù); 抗震墻基準(zhǔn)面積率中圖分類號：TU362 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼：A 文章編號：1002-848X(2015)09-0001-06Development on seismic appraisal method of multi-story masonry buildingsCheng Shaoge, Shi Tiehua, Lu Jiaguo(China Academy of Building Research, Institute of Earthquake Engineering, Beijing 100013, China)Abstract:In recent years, a lot of researches on seismic fortification about existing buildings based on continuous seismic service life were carried out. The research results have been reflected in the current national standard Standard for seismic appraisal of buildings（GB 50023—2009）, such as the seismic action reduction and different seismic measures according to continuous seismic working life. The development of characteristic ratio of seismic wall of multi-story masonry buildings in seismic appraisal was summarized, then the seismic action reduction coefficient in different versions of seismic appraisal standards, especially, the seismic action reduction coefficient obtained by different appraisal methods in the current national standard Standard for seismic appraisal of buildings（GB 50023—2009） was compared.Some problems were found and suggestions were also put forward by analysis of calculation cases. The limitation values of seismic transversal wall space and width of longitudinal wall, existing problems in seismic appraisal of masonry block multi-story accroding to compound seismic capability were also discussed. The calculation formulas were derived, and further research suggestions were put forward, which provides reference for the next revision of the standard.Keywords: multi-story masonry building; seismic appraisal; index of compound seismic capability; characteristic ratio of seismic wall作者簡介：程紹革，碩士,研究員，Email:chengshaoge@163.com。參考文獻(xiàn)［1］周錫元, 曾德民, 高曉安. 估計(jì)不同服役期結(jié)構(gòu)的抗震設(shè)防水準(zhǔn)的簡單方法［J］. 建筑結(jié)構(gòu), 2002, 32(1): 37-40.［2］馬玉宏, 謝禮立. 考慮地震環(huán)境的設(shè)計(jì)常遇地震和罕遇地震的確定［J］. 建筑結(jié)構(gòu)學(xué)報, 2002, 23(1): 43-47.［3］毋劍平. 考慮結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)使用年限的抗震功能設(shè)計(jì)［D］. 北京：中國建筑科學(xué)研究院, 2003.［4］馬玉宏, 趙桂峰, 謝禮立, 等. 考慮地震環(huán)境的現(xiàn)役結(jié)構(gòu)抗震加固設(shè)防地震動參數(shù)研究［J］. 四川建筑科學(xué)研究, 2010, 36(2): 163-167.［5］白雪霜. 鋼筋混凝土框架結(jié)構(gòu)抗震鑒定方法試驗(yàn)研究［D］. 北京：中國建筑科學(xué)研究院, 2012.［6］GB 50023─2009建筑抗震鑒定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)［S］. 北京：中國建筑工業(yè)出版社，2009.［7］TJ 23─77工業(yè)與民用建筑抗震鑒定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)［S］.北京：中國建筑工業(yè)出版社，1977.［8］GB 50023─95建筑抗震鑒定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)［S］. 北京：中國建筑工業(yè)出版社，1995.［9］程紹革. 建筑抗震鑒定技術(shù)手冊［M］. 北京：中國建筑工業(yè)出版社，2012.［10］程紹革, 史鐵花, 戴國瑩. 現(xiàn)有建筑抗震鑒定的基本規(guī)定［J］. 建筑結(jié)構(gòu)，2010，40(5)：1-3.［11］楊方楨. 多層磚房的抗震墻間距及簡化計(jì)算法［J］. 建筑結(jié)構(gòu)，1994，24(4)：29-32.
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