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(湖南大學(xué)風(fēng)工程試驗(yàn)研究中心，長沙 410082)

［摘要］以鄭州大上海步行街中心廣場膜結(jié)構(gòu)屋蓋為工程背景，進(jìn)行了剛性模型的同步測壓試驗(yàn)。研究了屋蓋表面風(fēng)荷載分布規(guī)律和屋蓋的風(fēng)致響應(yīng)；采用陣風(fēng)荷載因子法和荷載響應(yīng)相關(guān)法，研究了屋蓋的等效靜力風(fēng)荷載，并分析了兩種方法的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。結(jié)果表明，城市中心的開敞式大跨度屋蓋結(jié)構(gòu)的風(fēng)荷載以脈動風(fēng)荷載為主；其風(fēng)致響應(yīng)也以脈動響應(yīng)為主；陣風(fēng)荷載因子法在以脈動響應(yīng)為主的情況下定義等效靜力風(fēng)荷載存在困難，荷載響應(yīng)相關(guān)法能克服陣風(fēng)荷載因子法的這些缺點(diǎn)。

［關(guān)鍵詞］城市中心；開敞式；膜結(jié)構(gòu)屋蓋；風(fēng)致響應(yīng)；等效靜力風(fēng)荷載

Investigation of effective static wind loading of open roofs located in city center

Li Shouying, Wang Xiao, Chen Zhengqing, Liu Guangdong

(Research Center in Wind Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China)

Abstract:Wind loadings of open roofs located in city center are complicated due to the disturbances of surrounding buildings and the open properties themselves. Take an open membrane roof, which is over the central square of Great Shanghai Pedestrian Street in Zhengzhou, as an example, a wind tunnel test with a rigid model was carried out. The characteristics of the wind loading on the roof surface are particularly investigated. A finite element model is established to run a transient analysis with experimental data, in which the wind induced responses were obtained. Gust loading factor method and load-response-correlation method are both adopted to investigate the unfavorable distribution of wind load, i.e. effective static wind load, and the advantages and disadvantages of both methods are analyzed in detail. The results show that the fluctuating components of wind load and response are much greater than their average components, respectively. There are several misunderstandings for the gust loading factor method when the fluctuating responses are predominant, whereas the load-response -correlation method can overcome the disadvantages of the gust loading factor method.

Keywords:city center; open style; membrane roof; wind induced response; effective static wind load

*國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(50708035)，中國博士后科學(xué)基金資助(20060400873)。