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 (1 長(zhǎng)沙理工大學(xué)土木與建筑學(xué)院， 長(zhǎng)沙 410014; 2 湖南大學(xué)建筑安全與節(jié)能教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，長(zhǎng)沙 410082； 3 香港城市大學(xué)， 香港 999077； 4 廣東省氣候與農(nóng)業(yè)氣象中心， 廣州 510080；5 深圳大學(xué)建筑設(shè)計(jì)院， 深圳 518060)

［摘要］基于100m高測(cè)風(fēng)塔上風(fēng)速儀的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)，獲得了開(kāi)闊地貌臺(tái)風(fēng)風(fēng)場(chǎng)的平均風(fēng)速剖面與湍流度剖面模型。在大氣邊界層風(fēng)洞中準(zhǔn)確模擬了臺(tái)風(fēng)風(fēng)場(chǎng)和《建筑結(jié)構(gòu)荷載規(guī)范》（GB 50009—2001）規(guī)定的B類(lèi)風(fēng)場(chǎng)，并通過(guò)一個(gè)大跨剛性模型測(cè)壓試驗(yàn)，詳細(xì)分析與對(duì)比了兩類(lèi)風(fēng)場(chǎng)條件下大跨屋面風(fēng)荷載分布規(guī)律特征。研究結(jié)果表明：在開(kāi)闊場(chǎng)地條件下，臺(tái)風(fēng)近地邊界層平均風(fēng)速沿高度分布符合對(duì)數(shù)律，亦滿足指數(shù)律，風(fēng)剖面冪指數(shù)介于規(guī)范規(guī)定的A類(lèi)風(fēng)場(chǎng)與B類(lèi)風(fēng)場(chǎng)之間，平均湍流度比B類(lèi)風(fēng)場(chǎng)規(guī)定值大1倍；臺(tái)風(fēng)風(fēng)場(chǎng)作用下，開(kāi)闊地貌大跨結(jié)構(gòu)屋面風(fēng)荷載受湍流度的影響遠(yuǎn)高于受平均風(fēng)速剖面的影響，體型系數(shù)隨湍流度的增大而增大，屋面風(fēng)荷載亦隨之增大。

［關(guān)鍵詞］風(fēng)荷載； 臺(tái)風(fēng)風(fēng)場(chǎng)； 平均風(fēng)速剖面； 湍流度剖面； 大跨屋面； 風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)； 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)

中圖分類(lèi)號(hào)：TU119+.21，TU208.5      文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A      文章編號(hào)：1002-848X(2015)02-0089-06

Field measurement and wind tunnel test application research of typhoon wind field in open terrain

Chen Fubin1,2，  Li Qiusheng2,3， Hu Shangyu2， Song Lili4， Fu Xueyi5

 (1 School of Civil Engineering and Architecture， Changsha University of Science ＆ Technology, Changsha 410014, China;2 Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency of Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China；3 City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077,  China； 4 Guangdong Meteorological Bureau, Guangzhou 510080, China;5 The Institute of Architecture Design & Research of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China)

Abstract:Models of mean wind speed profile and turbulence intensity profile of typhoon wind field for open terrain  were obtained based on the filed measurement data recorded from anemometers installed on a 100m height meteorological tower. The typhoon wind field and that of terrain category B specified in Load code for the design of building structures (GB 50009—2001) were accurately simulated in a atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel  respectively, and then the characteristics of wind loads on a largespan roof structure based on the wind tannel tests with a rigid model were analyzed and compared. The results reveal that the vertical distribution of mean wind speed over open terrain in the surface boundary layer can be well described by a logarithmic profile and power\|law profile, and the value of the exponent of the powerlaw profile is between that stipulated in the load code for terrain category A and B. The average values of the turbulence intensity observed during the typhoon wind are two times as high as those proposed by the design code of terrain category B. The  effect of turbulence on wind pressures for the largespan roof is more significant than that of  the mean wind speed profile. The shape coefficients of the building structure increase with the increase of the turbulence levels. The wind pressures acting on the largespan roof also increase.

Keywords:wind load; typhoon wind field; mean wind speed profile; turbulence intensity profile; largespan roof; wind tunnel test; field measurement

*國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目（51408062, 51178179），長(zhǎng)沙理工大學(xué)橋梁工程安全控制省部共建教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室開(kāi)放基金，國(guó)家級(jí)大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目。

作者簡(jiǎn)介：陳伏彬，博士，講師，Email: fbchen88@126.com。

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